PBL2 Flashcards
how can human insulin be produced?
by recombinant DNA technology using bacteria or yeast
what is the peak effect and duration of rapid-acting insulin?
peak-30 mins
duration-5 hours
what is the peak effect and duration of short acting insulin?
peak- 2hours
duration- <8 hours
what is the peak effect and duration of premixed insulin?
peak- 2-8 hours
duration-24 hours
what is the peak effect and duration of intermediate-acting insulin?
peak- 6-8 hours
duration- 24 hours
what is the peak effect and duration of long-acting insulin?
peak- if there is one then it tends to be between 6-8 hours
duration-24 hours
what are some side effects of taking insulin?
hypoglycemia, allergic reactions, lipoatrophy of subcutaneous fat,` and injection site problems
what is the mechanism of action for insulin?
Insulin enters the blood stream and targets the liver and muscles to instruct them to absorb glucose from the blood and store it as glycogen. Insulin also inhibits hepatic glucose production, enhances protein synthesis, and inhibits lipolysis and proteolysis among many other functions.
what is a chronic disease?
conditions that cannot, at present, be cured but can be controlled by medication and other therapies
why is it important for patients to be involved in their own care?
Patients can access info and should be supported to do so
Patients can drive improvements in the healthcare system through informed choice
Healthcare economics- patients can reduce healthcare costs by carrying out tasks their selves
Empowers patients to look after their selves better
Socially aware individuals contribute to community action because the health of all is a public good
Activism- challenges social injustice
what is the chronic care model?
this identifies the essential elements of a health care system that encourage high-quality chronic disease care. These elements are the community, the health system, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support and clinical information systems.
what is the community based transition model?
designed to address the rate of avoidable hospital readmissions for chronic conditions such as: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or diabetes by moving patients to other settings.
what are the priorities for long term contion management?
Person centred
Health promotion and avoidance of preventable LTCs
Earlier detection of chronic disease
Good control to minimise the effects and reduce complications from chronic disease processes
Provide effective medicines management
Reduce the number of crises for patients
Promote independence, empowerment, and self-management
Prolong and extend the quality of life for those with an LTC
how can we support self-management?
Disease education programmes – e.g. Desmond of DAFNE
Expert patient program- this isn’t disease-specific and is led by laypeople with a chronic illness their selves
Personalized care planning
Telehealth (virtual health care)
Personal health budgets
Shared decision making
who is involved in the management of diabetes?
Primary care physician Endocrinologist Ophthalmologist Nephrologist Podiatrist Physical trainer Dietician Diabetes specialist nurse Practice nurse Pharmacist Psychologist
