Peds - Newborn Info

Question 1

Pros of pacifier

Answer 1

help prevent SIDS

self-soothing

Question 2

Cons of pacifier

Answer 2

interfere w/ bf 1st wks of life
assoc. w/ less bf
changes in dentition after 2yo

Question 3

Normal eruption of teeth age

Answer 3

3-15 mo

Question 4

Teething may cause

Answer 4

rhinorrhea
fussiness
sleep disturbances

Question 5

Teething does NOT cause

Answer 5

fever
cough
colic

Question 6

What to do for teething baby

Answer 6

massage
teething ring
acetaminophen

Question 7

Topical numbing agents for babies who are teething can cause what?

Answer 7

impair airway

Question 8

Thrush is found where in babies

Answer 8

tongue

buccal surfaces

Question 9

Thrush is assoc. w/ what in babies

Answer 9

pacifier & Abx use

Question 10

Antifungals used to tx thrush in babies

Answer 10

gentian violet
nystatin
clotrimazole

Question 11

What is spitting up (regurgitation)/ esophageal reflux

Answer 11

effortless spitting up of stomach contents more common in 3-4mo olds

Question 12

Why spit up?

Answer 12

short esophagus
weak LES
feeding amts controlled by parents

Question 13

Severe reflux- GERD

Answer 13

post-prandial pain
calorie restriction d/t vomiting- may impair growth
reflux esophagitis
esophageal candidiasis
exacerbations of asthma, vocal cord dysfunction

Question 14

Reflux-associated cyanotic episodes

Answer 14

not the same as Sandifer syndrome

Question 15

Reflux precautions

Answer 15

feeding changes
burping practices
positioning during & after feeding
post-prandial handling

Question 16

Colic timing

Answer 16

afternoon/evening
consistent
after 2 wks of age, peaks at 2 mo, ends before 4 months old

Question 17

Newborn sleep

Answer 17

on back to reduce risk of SIDS
1st 2 wks- nocturnal
1st 2 mo- unpatterned

Question 18

Topical skin products for baby

Answer 18

barrier creams
emollients (vaseline, aquaphor)
AVOID lotions, talcum powder

Question 19

Nasolacrimal duct stenosis

Answer 19

tear evaporation leaves crust
onset at birth/ 1st mo
eye w/o redness/swelling
"lacrimal duct massage"
refer if > 1 yr duration

Question 20

Bedding for baby

Answer 20

firm
waterproof, easily cleaned
no loose bedding
no pillows
no stuffed toys
crib bumpers

Question 21

Age to wait for bunk beds

Answer 21

6 yo

Question 22

Cribs

Answer 22

slat spacing 
no lead paint
no finials
remove mobiles w/ sitting/5 mo old
lower bed level with sitting, standing
rails up if baby inside

Question 23

Car seats

Answer 23

center, back seat
rear facing up to 1 yr old
facing front after 1 yr & 20lbs
booster seat until 6 yr/ 60lbs

Question 24

Periodic breathing

Answer 24

newborns pause normally during breathing

occurs during/ not during feeding

Question 25

Apnea

Answer 25

> 20 seconds w/o discernible air exchange
possible cyanosis
perioral vs. labial/lingual cyanosis

Question 26

ALTE

Answer 26

apparent life threatening event

an episode that is frightening to observer & characterized by combo of apnea, color change, change in m. tone, choking, or gagging

Question 27

Peak incidence of SIDS

Answer 27

3-5 mo

Question 28

SIDS rate higher in

Answer 28

African American vs. caucasian

Question 29

SIDS Risk Factors

Answer 29

male
LBW
lower socioeconomic status
maternal smoking
winter
young maternal age
high parity
single parent
multiple gestation
premature
unsafe sleep conditions

Question 30

Bathing

Answer 30

frequency- less than nl
limited need for soap before baby crawls
mild shampoo 1 or 2x/wk for greasy hair

Question 31

Nasal suction

Answer 31

\+/- saline drops
newborns breath nasally when not crying
audible nasal congestion:
   common just after birth
   remains common w/ freq. spit up
use blunt tip bulb syringe
when ill, restrict use to q2h