Pentose pathway & gluconeogenesis Flashcards
1
Q
Define catabolism and give three named examples
A
- The breakdown of complex molecules to form simpler ones, releasing energy
- Glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, citric acid cycle
2
Q
Define anabolism and give three named examples
A
- The synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones
- Pentose pathway, gluconeogenesis and fatty acid synthesis
3
Q
Name two functions of the pentose pathway
A
- Creates sugar other then hexoses (glucose) that are required for nucleic acid synthesis
- Creates NADPH not NADH! e.g. for fatty acid synthesis
4
Q
What is the overall reaction of the pentose pathway?
A
5
Q
Where does ppp mainly occur
A
- In cytosol
- Mainly in adipose (fat) tissues, not in brain and muscles
6
Q
What enzyme regulates ppp and how does it do this?
A
- Glucose-6-dehydrogense
- Allosteric interactions with NADPH
7
Q
Difference between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
A
- Extra energy is required as the reaction is not energetically favourable
8
Q
What non-carbs is glucose made from in gluconeogensis
A
Lactate, alanine (or other AAs) and glycerol
9
Q
Where does majority of gluconeogenesis occur?
A
- In the liver and also in kidneys
- Maintains blood glucose so the brain can function propoerly
10
Q
What is the function of fructose-1,6-biposphatase in gluconeogenesis
A
- Catalyses removal of phosphates via hydrolysis
- Also allosteric modification on AMP, ATP
11
Q
Phosphofructokinase VS fructose-1,6-phosphatase
A
12
Q
How does our body efficiently use lactate and where is it produced?
A
- Lactate is produced in muscle during aneorobic conditions
- Lactate is converted to pyruvate in the liver (cori cycle)
