Periodicity // Period 3 And Their Oxides Flashcards

Question

reactions of SiO2 with base

Answer 1

A

structured organisation of know chemical elements
from which they can make sense of their phys and chem properties
it changed over time showing how scientific ideas and explanations change over time

Answer 2

A

see a picture - s p d f block

showing the sublevel the outer electron is in

Answer 3

A

proton number

Answer 4

A

decreases

nuclear charge increases
same number energy levels so negligible increase in shielding as sublevels get filled
so there is a stronger eFoA between nucleus and electron cloud so electrons are more strongly and more closely attracted to nucleus
so atomic radius decreases

Answer 5

A

overall increase because
- smaller atomic radius
- same no energy levels and increasing nuclear charge
- so valence electron is more closely and more strongly attracted to the nucleus so theres a stronger eFoA between them so more energy is required to overcome this FoA

however there are deviations where it decreases, from group 2–>3 and 5–>6
Mg to Al
because outer e- in Al is being removed from a 3p orbital whereas Mg valence e- is in 3s. so the one in Al is of higher energy so less energy is required to remove it

and P to S
outer electron in P is in 3p orbital with 3 other electrons. so no repulsion because p sublevels have 3 orbitals (recall that s has 1 (holds 2 e-), p has 3 (holds 6 e-) and d has 5 (holds 10 e-))
and in S there are four electrons in the 3p orbital so theres electron repulsion. so easier to remove e-. less energy needed

Answer 6

A

increases from Na to Si
decreases from Si to P
increases from P to S
decreases from S to Ar

metallic bonding increases in strength because stronger charge on cation and more e- donated to delocalised system and higher charge density so greater eFoA between cations and e-
then Si has strongest because giant covalent structure with many strong covalent bonds that require lots of energy to overcome
P is simple molecular structure so weak VdW forces between molecules. P4.
increases because S8 so bigger Mr so more electrons so strong VdW forces between molecules
Cl2 is a smaller molecule so weaker VdW forces between molecules. Ar is monoatomic so very weak VdW forces between atoms