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Physics > Periodic Motion > Flashcards

Periodic Motion Flashcards

1
Q

Motion that repeats at a constant rate

A

Periodic motion

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2
Q

Position where the mass is at rest

A

Equilibrium position

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3
Q

Velocity is maximum as the mass passes through the equilibrium position, the spring force continues to decrease while gravity maintains a constant force on a mass

True of False

A

True

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4
Q

Friction that opposes the restoring force in oscillating systems produces

A

Damping

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5
Q

Below the equilibrium position, the upward pull of the spring is stronger than the downward pull of gravity

True or False

A

True

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6
Q

Periodic motion that is controlled by a restoring force proportional to the system displacement from its equilibrium position is called

A

Simple Harmonic Motion

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7
Q

The mass on the spring never goes farther from its equilibrium position than it was originally pulled, and a pendulum never rises above the height from which it was released. This maximum displacement is called

A

Amplitude

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8
Q

How many cycles the mass will complete in a unit of time

A

Frequency

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9
Q

Circular motion is similar to SMH

True or False

A

True

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10
Q

A simple or ideal pendulum consists of a mass suspended from an ideal string or a massless rod of length L called the

A

Pendulum arm

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11
Q

All the mass of an ideal pendulum is assumed to be at the end of the pendulum arm

True or False

A

True

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12
Q

The restoring force in a pendulum is the vector sum of the pendulum’s weight and the tension in the pendulum arm

True or False

A

True

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13
Q

In nonuniform circular motion such as that of pendulum, the vector sum of tangential and centripetal accelerations is its total acceleration

True or False

A

True

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14
Q

The restoring force of a pendulum oscillator from small angles is not dependent on the weight of the pendulum’s displacement angle.

True or False

A

False

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15
Q

The magnitude of the pendulum’s initial perpendicular displacement is the length of the side opposite to the initial angle 0

True or False

A

True

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16
Q

The period of of a pendulum is proportional to the square root of pendulum arm length and is inversely proportional to the square root of gravitational acceleration

True or False

A

True

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17
Q

A pendulum’s period is not related to the mass of a pendulum

True or False

A

True

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18
Q

The inventor of the first pendulum regulated clock, was a prominent Dutch scientist

A

Christiaan Huygens

19
Q

A damped oscillator would not experience simple harmonic motion in the absence of all frictional forces

True or False

A

False

20
Q

An overdamped oscillator can complete one cycle

True or False

A

False

21
Q

When the oscillator and medium viscosity are matched so that the mass hardly overshoots the equilibrium point it is called

A

Critically damped

22
Q

The frequency at which the force is most effective in increasing the swing amplitude

A

Natural oscillation frequency

23
Q

Is indicated by large amplitude oscillations

A

Resonance

24
Q

Result from the periodic application of a force to the system

A

Driven oscillations

25
Q

Are oscillations of extended bodies

A

Waves

26
Q

The material through which waves travel

A

Medium

27
Q

An oscillation in the medium

A

Disturbance

28
Q

Is a disturbance that displaces the medium along its line of travel

A

Longitudinal waves

29
Q

Is a disturbance that displaces the medium perpendicular to its line of travel

A

Transverse waves

30
Q

The regions where the molecules are pushed together have higher density and pressure than the average medium

A

Compression zones

31
Q

The regions where the molecules are spread apart have lower density and pressure are called

A

Rarefaction zones

32
Q

Longitudinal waves travel more rapidly through solid than through gases

True or False

A

True

33
Q

Some mechanical transverse waves can pass through gases or liquids

True or False

A

False

34
Q

Can carry information and energy from one place to another

A

Periodic waves

35
Q

Is the distance from one peak to the next

A

Wavelength

36
Q

Are longitudinal pressure waves that come from a vibrating body

A

Sound waves

37
Q

Sound cannot travel through a vacuum

True or False

A

True

38
Q

Is the amount of power transported by the wave the the square of the wave’s amplitude

A

Intensity

39
Q

Scientists measure loudness in

A

Decibels (dB)

40
Q

How high or low a sound is

A

Pitch

41
Q

The frequency of the dominant note

A

fundamental

42
Q

The multiples of this frequency

A

harmonics

43
Q

is responsible for the change in frequency

A

Doppler effect

Physics (6 decks)

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