periodontal diseases

Question 1

what are the contributing factors for necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG)?

Answer 1

stress, poor oral hygiene, poor diet, immune suppression, smoking

Question 2

NUG usually effects what population groups

Answer 2

young or middle-aged adults

Question 3

clinical signs of NUG:

Answer 3

“Punched-out” interdental papillae

Localized or diffuse gingival involvement

Severe pain, oral malodor, spontaneous hemorrhage

Question 4

what 2 conditions can arise when NUG spreads to adjacent tissues?

Answer 4

necrotizing ulcerative mucositis

necrotizing stomatitis

Question 5

what is the treatment for NUG?

Answer 5

Debridement (using topical or local anesthesia)

Mild salt water rinse or chlorhexidine

Improve oral hygiene and diet

Question 6

when should a broad spec antibiotic be used for NUG patients?

Answer 6

if patient has systemic symptoms

Question 7

_____________ is the clinical term used to describe sloughing of the gingival epithelium

Answer 7

Desquamative Gingivitis

Question 8

Desquamative Gingivitis is associated with what types of diseases?

Answer 8

immune-mediated vesiculoerosive diseases

A) erosive lichen planus
B) mucous membrane pemphigoid
C) pemphigus vulgaris

Question 9

T/F: Desquamative Gingivitis is a description, NOT A DIAGNOSIS

Answer 9

true

Question 10

what diagnostic test is indicated if a patients is suspected to have Desquamative Gingivitis?

Answer 10

Incisional biopsy

Question 11

_____________ is defined as: Abnormal growth of gingival tissues secondary to use of a systemic medication

Answer 11

Drug-Related Gingival Hyperplasia

Question 12

what determines the severity of Drug-related gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 12

Degree of clinical enlargement related to patient’s susceptibility and level of oral hygiene

Question 13

what drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?

Answer 13

1) Phenytoin (Dilantin)
2) nifedipine and the calcium channel-blocking agents
3) Cyclosporin

Question 14

what is the definition of “Gingival Fibromatosis”

Answer 14

aka- fibromatosis gingivae

= Slowly progressive collagenous overgrowth of the gingiva

Question 15

T/F: Gingival Fibromatosis typically presents as swollen, erythematous enlargement of the gingiva

Answer 15

False

Gingiva is firm, normal color

Question 16

what other systemic conditions are associated with Gingival Fibromatosis?

Answer 16

Hypertrichosis
Epilepsy
Mental retardation

Question 17

Treatment for gingival fibromatosis:

Answer 17

Oral hygiene instruction

Gingivectomy (ideally delayed until after complete eruption of permanent dentition); reduced tendency for recurrence

Selective tooth extractions sometime necessary

Question 18

what is the inheritance pattern for Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome?

Answer 18

Autosomal recessive disorder

Question 19

what are the clinical findings for Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome?

Answer 19

Oral and dermatologic manifestations

Accelerated periodontitis

Deciduous and permanent dentition effected

Palmar-plantar keratosis

Question 20

what is the only disease discussed in these lectures that also effects the keratinized skin of the hands and feet?

Answer 20

Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome

Question 21

why do patients with Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome have accelerated periodontitis?

Answer 21

related to defects in neutrophil function

Question 22

why is early treatment of Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome critical?

Answer 22

Without aggressive therapy, loss of the dentition is inevitable

Question 23

what treatments are available for patients with Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome?

Answer 23

Rigorous oral hygiene, chlorhexidine rinse, frequent dental prophylaxis,periodic appropriate antibiotic therapy may slow or halt disease progression

Retinoids or topical keratolytic agents successful for skin lesions