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AP Psych > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

1
Q

Repression

A

Quarantines from consciousness threatening, anxiety-producing impulses
UNDERLIES ALL OTHER D.M.

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2
Q

Denial

A

Rejects or alters reality

Does not exist, not real

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3
Q

Displacement

A

Take out anxiety (anger) on a less threatening object

“Kick the dog”

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4
Q

Projection

A

Ascribes or “projects” subjective thoughts or feelings onto someone else

Where’s ur hw?
“I didn’t know we had hw!”

NOT MY PROBLEM, BUT YOURS

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5
Q

Reaction formation

A

Unconsciously expressing an impulse as the opposite of the impulse

Don’t like someone, when in a group tho u pretend to like the person and get along with them.

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6
Q

Regression

A

Retreat to an earlier infantile stage of development

Doesn’t get your way; you pout (unappealing when u r a young adult)

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7
Q

Rationalization

A

Camouflaging Our real reasons or motives for doing something with the plausible excuse
-self justification

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8
Q

Sublimation

A

Transforming unacceptable impulses into socially-acceptable actions

Takes disappointment and makes it into motivation

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9
Q

Ego defense mechanism

A

Evolved to address Anxiety

  • > result of dynamic between the ID and super ego
    • –pleasure vs morality
  • > major cause of neurotic disorders
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10
Q

Personality

A 
An individual's enduring pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving 
Enduring covert (thoughts and feelings) and overt patterns of behavior
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11
Q

Biological

A

Predetermined genetic makeup and environmental contingences -> influenced and raised (rural urban; rich poor) = traits w/ adaptive (survival) value (nature us nurture)

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12
Q

Psychoanalytic

A

FREUD

Personality is determined by dynamics of an unconscious (things that we are unaware of that goes on in our lives)

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13
Q

Deterministic

A

(Allusion) anti-free will, no choice,

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14
Q

Evolutionary psychology

A

traits w/ adaptive value ex. Moved from collville to New York

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15
Q

Heritability

A

The extent to which differences in personality traits among individuals in a particular culture or population are due to genetic make up

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16
Q

Core theories of freuds psychodynamic

A
  • An inter-dynamic, tripartate structure of the mind

- psychosexual theory of personality formation

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17
Q

Conscious

A

Awareness of our environment and thoughts

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18
Q

Preconscious

A

Temp storage of info

Info capable of becoming conscious

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19
Q

Unconscious

A

Unaware; how we experience reality (we are unaware of some things in our life)
Drives/determines personality

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20
Q

Id

A

Innate, unconscious drive for pleasure part of human nature

Governed by pleasure principle

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21
Q

Ego

A

How can I get what I want w/out getting in trouble (self-preservation)
Stores conscious experiences
Develops overtime
Deals w/ reality; balances the demands of the id and super ego
Senses Anxiety
Governed by reality principle

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22
Q

Super ego

A

Moral, laws keep our personal needs in check
The dynamic of the mind that extends the morals of society
Influence of the parents and demands of society
LEARNED
Governed by moral principle

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23
Q

Psychosexual development

A

Evolves from its experiences with the key source of pleasure

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24
Q

Oral

A

Fixation: passive(quite, gullible, “swallow anything” thumbsucking) /aggressive (loud, sarcastic, “biting”)

Ex. Sucking, nursing, mouthing objects, pencil chewers, smokers

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25
Q

Anal

A

Retentive(need to be in control, uptight) /expulsive (loud, sloppy, don’t care what they say)
Pleasure and control derived from bowel movements
Control of explosion and retention of feces

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26
Q

Phallic

A

Pleasure derived from the genitals
Oedipal crisis
Castration anxiety
Penis envy

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27
Q

Oedipal crisis

A

Deals with male child incestuous desires for the mom

Father is rival

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28
Q

Castration anxiety

A

Develops over fear of what dad will do to child if he does not renounce his possession of the mom

(Boy removes desire of mom and identifies with dad cuz he don’t want his penis to be cut off)

29
Q

Penis envy

A

Reaction of female child of not having a penis; envies boys who have one

30
Q

Latent

A

Sexual impulses are relatively dormant

31
Q

Gential

A

Maturation, or not, of normal sexual interest

32
Q

Trait theory of personality

A

GORDON ALLPORT
Cardinal
Central
Secondary traits

33
Q

Cardinal trait

A

A defining characteristic that dominates and shapes ones attitude and behavior ex. God is LOVE aka defining trait

34
Q

Central traits

A

General characteristics which influence ones attitude and behavior
Ex. Spirituall, leader?, intellectual?

35
Q

Secondary traits

A

Characteristic that are situational (at the moment) and occasional
Ex. (Dean office) I won’t do it again( just to get through the situation) not enduring just saying it to get by

36
Q

Trait theories

A

Focuses upon describing enduring characteristics patterns of behavior or traits which make-up personality

37
Q

Raymond cattell

A

Surface traits

Source traits

38
Q

Surface traits

A

Observable personality t a it’s which a group of ppl may or may not share in common

39
Q

Source traits

A

Traits that underline those observable traits that a group of ppl share in common
Led to CATTELL “sixteen personality factors”
Ex. All different traits (warmth, liveliness, sensitive)

40
Q

Han Eysenck

A

Factor analysis: a statistic method used to distill common traits from among a long list of traits; led to……….

  • extroversion
  • neuroticism
  • psychoticism
41
Q

Extroversion

A

Measures level of sociability

Relationship to the external environment

42
Q

Neuroticism

A

Measures level of instability

43
Q

Psychoticism

A

Measures level of tough-mindedness

44
Q

Costa and McCrae

A 
5-factor model (OCEAN)
Openness 
Conscientiousness 
Extroversion 
Agreeableness 
Neuroticism
45
Q

Nomothetic methods

A

Assess for group/ social characteristics

46
Q

Idiographic methods

A

Assess for individual characteristics

47
Q

Projective tests

A

Reveal subjective, unconscious thoughts and feelings

  • Rorschach
  • Thematic apperception test
48
Q

Rorschach

A

Given rando image and ask you what it looks like to you……..based on response=personality (tap into your unconscious)

49
Q

Thematic apperception test

A

Interpreting pics

50
Q

Self-report inventories

A

Differentiate ppl according to a particular personality scale;
Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 (MMPI-2)
Myers-Briggs type indicator (C.G. Jung)
16- personality factor questionnaire (Cattell)
Personal orientation inventory (MASLOW)
Big five questionnaire (BFQ) Costa and mcCrae)

51
Q

Hawthorn effect

A

When people know they are being observed, they change their behavior to confirm to expectations to make themselves look good

52
Q

Halo effect

A

Halo on Peyton Manning because he is good at football making us think he is a good and positive person

53
Q

Myers-Briggs type indicator (C.G. Jung)

A 
Assessment of personality traits 
Introversion 
Extroversion 
Thinking 
Feeling 
Intuitive 
Sensing 
Preceiving and Judging were added later
54
Q

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 (MMPI-2)

A

Diagnoses abnormal personality characteristics

Clinically used to help assess personality disorders

55
Q

Oral passive

A

Passive
Gullible
Will “swallow anything”

56
Q

Oral aggressive

A

Aggressive
Sarcastic
“Biting” personality

57
Q

Anal retentive

A

Uptight

Controlling

58
Q

Anal expulsive

A

Impulsive

59
Q

Cognitive/Social Cognitive approach

A

Focuses upon the interaction of our perceptions and our environment

  • how our environment influences our thoughts and choices
  • how our choices influence our environment
60
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Reciprocal determinism

Bobo doll experiment

61
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

Behavior, internal personal factors, and environmental influences all operate as interlocking determinants of eachother
-modeling/observational learning

62
Q

Bobo doll experiment

A

A quasi-experiment in which children watched adults aggressively kick and hit an inflatable doll
-subsequent behaviors of the children imitated the adults

63
Q

George Kelly

A

Personal construct theory

64
Q

Julian rotter

A

Internal locus of control: I am in control of my future, choices
Eternal locus of control: I am not in control (fate/circumstances is in control)

65
Q

Walter Mischel

A

Cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS)

66
Q

Humanistic approach

A

A positive view of human nature and of an internal locus of control
Correlates with free-will and the development of human potential

67
Q

Abraham maslow

A

Humanistic approach
Developed hierarchy of needs
Self-actualization:
helpless behavior: uncontrollable bad events->perceived lack of control-> HB

68
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Unconditional positive regard: interaction w/ patients
-attitude of acceptance of persons
- part of growth producing environment including:
Acceptance
empathy
Genuineness

AP Psych (15 decks)

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