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HD3 Pharm > Pharm 3 - Antihypertensives > Flashcards

Pharm 3 - Antihypertensives Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of antihypertensives

A

ARB/ACEi
Beta-blockers
Ca-blockers
diuretics

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2
Q

effect of ATII on arterioles

A

constricts arterioles (specifically efferent arteriole)

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3
Q

effect of Ca blockers on muscle

A

prevention of Ca entry into cells

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4
Q

why do you need 2 drugs classes to tx HTN

A

KO 1 = other system will compensate

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5
Q

nonpharm tx of HTN

A

low na/high K/low fat

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6
Q

effects of ARB/ACEi

A

block PCT na resorb, block aldo reslease

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7
Q

how do RAS blockers affect renal disease

A

halts progression of chronic renal disease

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8
Q

aliskiren is what drug

A

renin inhibitor

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9
Q

major electrolyte complication of ACEi

A

hyperkalemia - because you lose aldo

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10
Q

absolute contraidication of ACEi

A

pregnancy

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11
Q

absolute contraindication of ARB

A

pregnancy

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12
Q

effect of beta blockers on renin

A

decrease renin release through B1

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13
Q

risk of nonselective beta blockade

A

bronchoconstriction

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14
Q

drug for hypertensive emergency

A

labetalol (B and a antagonism)

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15
Q

Ca blockers bind what type of channel

A

L-type (heart/smooth muscle)

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16
Q

blockage of L-type ca channel leads to what change in SR ca release

A

decreases SR ca release

17
Q

example of a dihydropyridine

A

amlodipine and nifedipine

18
Q

dihydropyridines are more selective for heart or smooth muscle

A

vascular smooth muscle

19
Q

which ca blocker works on both heart and smooth muscle

A

diltiazem

20
Q

which ca blocker blocks mostly heart muscle

A

verapamil

21
Q

what is the overall purpose of ca blockers

A

induce vasodilation and decrease CO

22
Q

most popular non-ABCD antihypertensive

A

clonidine

23
Q

major side effect of clonidine

A

sedation

24
Q

example of peripherally acting a1-antagonist

A

doxazosin

25
Q

two drugs that interfere with peripheral NE storage vesicles

A

guanethidine and reserpine

26
Q

direct vascular non-calcium smooth muscle relaxer

A

SNTP

27
Q

K-channel activator antihypertensive

A

diazoxide

28
Q

complication of diazoxide (related to K-channel activation)

A

hyperglycemia - decreased insulin secretion

29
Q

potent orally effective vasodilator (others are mostly IV)

A

minoxidil

30
Q

less potent and shorter acting version of minoxidil

A

hydralazine

31
Q

site of action of hydralazine

A

arterioles and NOT VEINS

HD3 Pharm (5 decks)

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