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NUCL 156 - 1 Intro to Drug Nomenclature > Pharmaceutical Terms > Flashcards

Pharmaceutical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Addiction

A

A compulsive need to experience a pleasurable drug reaction, ranging from a mild desire to an overwhelming need.

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2
Q

Additive

A

A substance added to another substance to improve its action.

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3
Q

Adverse Reaction

A

Any unwanted or potentially harmful effect resulting from drug administration. (Side Effect)

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4
Q

Allergic Reaction

A

An untoward drug effect associated with altered reactivity or sensitization of the patient resulting from prior exposure to the drug.

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism. Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to an allergen.

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6
Q

Antacid

A

Gastrointestinal drug which neutralizes the acid in the stomach.

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7
Q

Antiarrhythmic

A

Cardiovascular drug which helps restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle.

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8
Q

Antibiotic

A

Chemical substance which has the ability to inhibit growth of or kill micro-organisms in the body.

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9
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A drug which prevents the formation of clots in blood vessels

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10
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

A drug used to prevent convulsions, such as in epilepsy.

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11
Q

Antidiarrheal

A

Drug used to prevent and control diarrhea.

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12
Q

Antidote

A

An agent given to counteract an unwanted or toxic effect of a drug.

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13
Q

Antiemetic

A

An agent which relieves nausea and vomiting

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14
Q

Antihistamine

A

A drug that blocks the action of histamine in the body and helps prevent allergic symptoms.

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15
Q

Barbiturate

A

A sedative and hypnotic drug.

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16
Q

Brand Name

A

Commercial name for a drug; normally the property of the drug manufacturer; also called the trade name.

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17
Q

Cardiotonic

A

Drug which promotes the muscle tone (contractility) of the heart.

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18
Q

Cathartic

A

Drug which relieves constipation.

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19
Q

Chemical Name

A

Chemical formula for a drug.

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20
Q

Classifications

A

Term used to describe the way drugs are organized according to set characteristics, often according to drug action (pharmacodynamics)

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21
Q

Contraindication

A

Factors in the patient’s condition which prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment because of the likelihood of unwanted results.

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22
Q

Controlled Substance

A

Drugs regulated under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and divided into Schedules I, II, III, IV, and V according to their potential for abuse and dependence.

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23
Q

Depressant

A

An agent that reduces functional activity.

24
Q

Diuretic

A

A drug that promotes the production and excretion of urine.

25
Q

Drug Action

A

Refers to the pharmacological effects that are produced when a drug reaches a target tissue.

26
Q

Drug Interaction

A

The event in which the usual effect of a drug is modified by other factors such as diet, environment, or additional drugs. This interaction may increase or decrease the intended effect of the drug being administered.

27
Q

Emetic

A

An agent that promotes vomiting.

28
Q

Enteric Coated

A

Coated covering a tablet that dissolves in the intestine, not in the stomach.

29
Q

Generic Name

A

The legal, non-commercial name for a drug.

30
Q

Hospital Formulary

A

Hospital reference listing of drugs and their appropriate clinical usage for that particular hospital.

31
Q

Hypnotic

A

An agent that induces sleep or dulls the senses.

32
Q

Idiosyncrasy

A

A rare type of toxic effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients. An unusual reaction to a drug or food.

33
Q

Indications

A

Reasons why a drug is prescribed.

34
Q

Laxative

A

A food or chemical substance which acts to loosen the bowels and promote evacuation of the contents.

35
Q

Metabolism

A

Combined chemical and physical processes that take place in the body. Involves the distribution of nutrients and results in growth, energy production, elimination of wastes and other body functions.

36
Q

Narcotic

A

A potentially habit-forming drug that relieves pain and produces stupor or insensibility.

37
Q

Overdose

A

A dose in excess of that recommended for therapeutic use of a medication, sometimes resulting in toxicity.

38
Q

Over-the-Counter

A

Medications that do not require a prescription and are intended for the treatment of minor, self-limiting illnesses.

39
Q

Parenteral Administration

A

Administration of drugs by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins.

40
Q

Pharmaceutical

A

Having to do with pharmacy or drugs.

41
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of how drugs achieve their effects in living organisms.

42
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

The study of drug movement in the body. (including processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion from the body)

43
Q

Pharmacology

A

The study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms.

44
Q

Pharmacopeia

A

An authoritative compendium on drugs and their preparations.

45
Q

Pharmacy

A

The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations. (Drug store)

46
Q

Physical Dependence

A

Continuation of an altered physiologic state resulting from prolonged use of a drug such that regular usage is now necessary to avoid withdrawal reactions that can be severe and life threatening.

47
Q

Placebo

A

Inactive substance usually given under the guise of effective treatment.

48
Q

Precaution

A

Cautious action taken to manage potential unwanted effects of drugs in certain situations.

49
Q

Prescription

A

A written directive, as for the compounding or dispensing and administration of drugs.

50
Q

Sedative

A

A mild hypnotic drug; relaxing without necessarily producing sleep.

51
Q

Side Effect

A

A toxic effect which routinely results from the use of a drug. (Adverse reaction)

52
Q

Stimulant

A

An agent which excites and promotes functional activity.

53
Q

Suppository

A

Cone-shaped mass containing medication which is inserted into the rectum, vagina, or urethra.

54
Q

Tolerance

A

Condition of becoming resistant to the action of a drug as treatment progresses so that larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect.

55
Q

Toxic

A

Harmful effects of a drug to the degree of being poisonous.

56
Q

Trade Name

A

Commercial name for a drug; normally the property of the drug manufacturer; also called the brand name.

NUCL 156 - 1 Intro to Drug Nomenclature (5 decks)

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