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Year 1: Principles > Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics + Drug Deposition > Flashcards

Pharmacology: Pharmacokinetics + Drug Deposition Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacodynamics?

A

What a drug does to the body

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2
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

What the body does to the drug

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3
Q

What is efficacy?

A

Ability of an agonist to provoke a response

Greater the efficacy, the greater the response

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4
Q

What is affinity?

A

The strength of association between agonist + receptor

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5
Q

What is pka?

A

The pH at which 50% of a drug is ionised and 50% is unionised

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6
Q

What is EC50?

A

Concentration of agonist that results in half maximal response

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7
Q

Do acidic drugs become more or less ionised in acidic environments?

A

Less ionised

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8
Q

What facilitates the absorption of weak acids?

A

The stomach lumen

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9
Q

Why must benzylpenicllin be given IV?

A

It is unstable in the acidic environment of the stomach

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10
Q

What is the pH of the duodenum?

A

neutral

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11
Q

What is the pH in the jejunum/ilieum?

A

Slightly alkaline

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12
Q

What is the volume of distribution (Vd)?

A

Volume in which a drug is dissolved

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13
Q

What does a Vd of

A

The drug is contained in the vascular compartment

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14
Q

What does a Vd of

A

Drug is contained in extracellular water

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15
Q

What does a Vd of >15L indicate?

A

The drug is in total body water

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16
Q

What is the minimum effective concentration (MEC)?

A

The concentration a drug must reach to have an effect

17
Q

What is the maximum tolerated concentration (MTC)?

A

The drug concentration that must not be exceeded to prevent toxic effects

18
Q

What is the therapeutic window?

A

Range of concentrations that can be used

19
Q

What value of therapeutic window is classed as safe?

A

> 10

20
Q

What is 1st order kinetics?

A

The rate of elimination (Kel) is directly proportional to drug concentration

21
Q

What is 0 order kinetics?

A

Rate of elimination is constant and not determined by drug concentration

22
Q

Which drugs exhibit 0 order kinetics?

A

Anti-epileptic drugs

23
Q

What is Kel’s relationship with half life?

A

It is inversely proportional to half life

24
Q

How does an increase in Vd affect Kel?

A

Decreases Kel

25
Q

What does Css stand for?

A

Steady state concentration

26
Q

What determines Css?

A

Half life

Year 1: Principles (5 decks)

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