Philosophers Flashcards
What did Thomas Hobbes believe?
Life without government would be nasty, brutish, and short.
People give up individual freedoms to a leader in return for protection.
Believed in an absolute monarchy.
He thought all people were evil.
What did John Locke believe?
Any ruler that does not support the natural rights of his people can be replaced.
What are the Natural Rights according to John Locke?
Life
Liberty
Property
What did Montesquieu believe?
The three branches of government.
What are the three branches of government and what do they do?
Legislative-writes laws
Executive-enforces laws
Judicial-interprets laws
What did Voltaire believe?
Believed heavily in the freedom of speech.
Wants everyone to voice their opinions and thoughts even if he doesn’t agree.
Believed in leaders who give rights to the people.
For every action, their is an equal and opposite reaction
What did Rousseau believe?
The social contract.
Individual rights are less than society’s needs.
Thought people were “noble savages”
Community over individual.
What was the social contract?
People give up certain freedoms in order to have protection from the government.
What did Hammurabi do?
Developed the first written law code.
Very harsh, mostly ended in death if laws were broken.
Makes everyone responsible for their own actions.
