photosynthesis

Question 1

In which parts of the chloroplasts does the light-dependent reaction happen?

Answer 1

in the thylakoid

Question 2

where does the Calvin cycle take place

Answer 2

in the stroma

Question 3

what is the sight of photosynthesis?

Answer 3

the chloroplast

Question 4

what is the chemical energy in photosynthesis used for?

Answer 4

to produce ATP

Question 5

which three materials are brought together by the leaf?

Answer 5

water, carbon dioxide and light

Question 6

what is the overall equation of photosynthesis?

Answer 6

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 7

what is the light-dependent reaction?

Answer 7

The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy. The goal of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis is to collect energy from the sun and break down water molecules to produce ATP and NADPH.

Question 8

which molecules are reduced in the light reaction?

Answer 8

NADP, ATP, Oxygen

Question 9

what is photolysis

Answer 9

this is when bonds are broken using light

Question 10

what is the light-independent reaction?

Answer 10

the process in which the products from the light-dependent reaction are used to reduce glycerate 3-phosphate in the second stage of photosynthesis

Question 11

what is the role of thylakoid in photosynthesis?

Answer 11

this is where the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis takes place.

Question 12

what is the purpose of the stroma in photosynthesis?

Answer 12

this is where the light-independent stage of photosynthesis takes place

Question 13

what is the purpose of the light captured in the light-dependent reaction

Answer 13

to add inorganic phosphate molecule to ADP to make ATP

Question 14

what is oxidation?

Answer 14

this is when a substance gains oxygen or loses hydrogen

Question 15

what do we call a substance that has gone through oxidation?

Answer 15

oxidised substances

Question 16

what is reduction?

Answer 16

this is when a substance loses or gains hydrogen.

Question 17

what is photoionisation

Answer 17

when a chlorophyll molecule becomes ionised

Question 18

the first step of the Calvin cycle?

Answer 18

carbon dioxide from the atmosphere diffuses into the leaf through stroma & dissolves in water around the walls of mesophyll

Question 19

which reaction is in the light-independent reaction?

Answer 19

the Calvin cycle

Question 20

what is the purpose of the thylakoid?

Answer 20

this is the sight of the light dependent reaction

Question 21

what is the role of ribulose bisphosphate in the Calvin Cylce?

Answer 21

It accepts / combines with a molecule of CO2 (to produce 2 molecules of glycerate-3-phosphate)

Question 22

how is reduced NADP from the light-dependent reaction used in the light-independent reaction?

Answer 22

It is used to reduce (donate hydrogen) glycerate-3-phosphate to triose phosphate.

Question 23

state precisely where in a plant cell enzymes involved in the Calvin Cycle are found.

Answer 23

Stroma of the chloroplasts

Question 24

light is not required for the Calvin cycle to take place. explain why the Calvin cycle cannot take place for long in the absence of light

Answer 24

The Calvin cycle requires ATP and reduced NADP in order to operate. Both are the products of the light-dependent reaction, which needs light. No light means no ATP or reduced NADP are produced and so the Calvin cycle cannot continue once any ATP or reduced NADP already produced have been used up.

Question 25

what factors affect photosynthesis?

Answer 25

1. light intensity
2. Carbon dioxide concentration
3. temperature
4. water availability