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ECOLOGY > Physical and Aquatic Environment > Flashcards

Physical and Aquatic Environment Flashcards

1
Q

includes land, air, water, plants and animals, buildings, infrastructures

A

physical environment

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2
Q

mean value of atmospheric conditions that predominate in a region over long series of years

A

climate

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3
Q

provide atmospheric conditions

A

temperature, precipitation, wind

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4
Q

more CO2 entails

A

more heat

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5
Q

provide factors affecting climate (6)

A

latitude, altitude, temperature, presence and absence of wind, distance from large bodies of water, vegetation

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6
Q

refers to the average weather conditions in a certain place over many years

A

climate

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7
Q

average climate around the world is called

A

global climate

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8
Q

what is global climate

A

average climate around the world

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9
Q

the rise in global temperatures due maintly to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

A

global warming

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10
Q

what happens when greenhouse gases trap energy

A

warmer atmosphere

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11
Q

factor that forces living beings to accept its conditions

A

climate

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12
Q

provide the principal climates (6)

A

tropical, subtropical, desert, temperature, cold, and polar

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13
Q

how many climates are in the Philippines

A

four (type i-iv)

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14
Q

two pronounced seasons: dry from nov-april and wet during the rest of the year

A

type i

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15
Q

type i: dry from __ to __

A

november to april

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16
Q

give the regions that experince type i climate

A

western of luzon, mindanao, negros, and palawan

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17
Q

no dry season

A

type ii

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18
Q

with very pronounced maximum rain period from nov-april

A

type ii

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19
Q

provide regions that have type ii climate

A

catanduanes, sorsogon, albay, camarines norte and sur, eastern mindanao, eastern quezon, and samar

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20
Q

regions affected are luzon, mindoro, negros, and palawan

A

type i

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21
Q

regions affected are catanduanes, sorsogon, camarines norte and sur, albay, eastern quezon and samar

A

type ii

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22
Q

seasons are not very pronounced

A

type iii

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23
Q

type iii

A

relatively dry from nov-april

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24
Q

provide regions that have type iii climate

A

western parts of cagayan, isabela, nueva vizcaya, romblon, masbate

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25
Q

which type of climate affect the ff regions: southern quezon, northeast panay, isabela, cagayan, nueva vizcaya

A

type iii

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26
Q

rainfall more or less evenly distributed throughout the year

A

type iv

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27
Q

regions with type iv climate

A

batanes, western albay and camarines sur, eastern mindoro, marinduque, bohol, bondoc peninsula

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28
Q

which climate affect the ff regions: bohol, northern cebu, bondoc peninsula, batanes, western leyte, marinduque

A

type iv

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29
Q

land and water surfaces differ in their ____

A

rate of cooling

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30
Q

which surfaces differ in their rate of cooling

A

land and water surfaces

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31
Q

which cools more rapidly, land or water?

A

land

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32
Q

which heats more rapidly, land or water?

A

land

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33
Q

continents ____ and ____ faster than oceans

A

heat, cool

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34
Q

center of low pressure develops over

A

continent

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35
Q

high pressure develops over

A

adjacent ocean

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36
Q

what develops over the continent

A

center of low pressure

37
Q

what develops over the adjacent ocean

A

high pressure

38
Q

differences in temperature and pressure between continents develop wind system known as

A

seasonal winds or monsoons

39
Q

true or false: in summer, the land is colder than the ocean so the cooler air from ocean moves toward the land

A

false; land is hotter/more heated than the ocean

40
Q

true or false: in winter, the land gets colder than the ocean so the cooler air from the land moves toward the ocean

A

true

41
Q

true or false: in winter, the ocean gets colder than the land so the cooler air from the land moves toward the ocean

A

false; the land is colder than the ocean

42
Q

true or false: in summer, the land is heated more than the ocean, so the cooler air from the land moves toward the ocean

A

false; the cooler air from the ocean moves toward the land

43
Q

mass of cold air moves toward the pacific ocean and reaches philippines from a north-easterly direction

A

northeast monsoon (amihan)t

44
Q

true or false: amihan comes from a high pressure area that develops over india southern siberia in the summer

A

false; summer -> winter

45
Q

true or false: amihan causes the cold mornings experince in the ph from december to february

A

true

46
Q

this prevails the cold morning experienced in the country from december to february:
a. amihan
b. habagat

A

a. amihan

47
Q

in ____ hemisphere, a high pressure area develops over india southern siberia in winter

A

northern

48
Q

during ____ in the northern hemisphere, asian continent becomes warmer than the oceans surrounding it

A

summer

49
Q

true or false: the asian continent becomes colder than the oceans surrounding it during summer in the northern hemisphere

A

false; colder -> warmer

50
Q

prevails over the country in the months of july, august, and september

A

southwest monsoon (habagat)

51
Q

a cold air mass develops over the pacific ocean and begins to move toward the asian continent

A

southwest monsoon (habagat)

52
Q

true or false: amihan happens when cold air mass develops over the pacific ocean

A

false; amihan -> habagat

53
Q

true or false: during winter, asian continent becomes warmer than oceans surrounding it

A

false; winter -> summer

54
Q

what months does southwest monsoon (habagat) prevail

A

july, august, september

55
Q

true or false: amihan prevails during november to february

A

false; december to february

56
Q

true or false: amihan reaches the ph from a north-easterly direction

A

true

57
Q

the permanent east-to-west prevailing winds that flow in the earth’s equatorial region

A

trade winds

58
Q

prevailing winds in the tropics whenever amihan and habagat weaken

A

trade winds

59
Q

overall warming of the planet, based on average temp. over the entire surface

A

global warming

60
Q

___ ____ powers the climate system

A

solar radiation

61
Q

carbon dioxide accounts fro which percent of the warming effect?
a. 65%
b. 63%
c. 70%
d. 60%

A

d. 60%

62
Q

emittend by volcanic eruption, forest fires, and burning of fossil fuels

A

carbon dioxide

63
Q

accounts for 60% of the warming effect

A

carbon dioxide

64
Q

true or false: methane accounts for 20% of the warming effect

A

true

65
Q

it is 23x more potent than CO2

A

methane

66
Q

methane is emitted by

A

decomposing garbage and agricultural wastes

67
Q

it is 296x more potent than CO2

A

nitrous oxide

68
Q

true or false: nitrous oxide accounts for 8% of the warming effects

A

false: it accounts for 7%

69
Q

emitted from the use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as combustion of fossil fuels

A

nitrous oxide

70
Q

give the greenhouse gases

A

hydroflurocarbons (HFCs), perflurocarbons (PFCs) which result to freon

71
Q

this reduces the ability of the ecosytem to absorb greenhouse gases

A

deforestation

72
Q

changes in regional climate characteristics, including temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind, and severe weather events

A

climate change

73
Q

global warming leads to

A

climate change

74
Q

percentage of the ph contribution to greenhouse gas emission in 1994

A

0.3%

75
Q

true or false: in 1994, the ph contribution to greenhouse gas emission is 0.2%

A

false; 0.3%

76
Q

the US accounts about ___% of all emissions

A

36.1%

77
Q

when did super typhoon milenyo hit the philippines

A

september 28, 2006

78
Q

the philippines is visited by an average of how many typhoons every year?

A

20 typhoons

79
Q

the country is highly susceptible to typhoons because

A

it is located within pacific typhoon belt area

80
Q

the philippines forest cover:
a. 19.5%
b. 19.4%
c. 19.6%
d. 19.7%

A

b. 19.4%

81
Q

the ph is susceptible to storm surges due to

A

its long coastlines

82
Q

what does it mean to be a mega-diverse country

A

rich in biological and genetic resources

83
Q

true or false: we have more biodiversity than all the countries in europe combined

A

true

84
Q

true or false: only a handful of all plants and animal species are unique and endemic in the country

A

false; more than half are endemic

85
Q

how many percentage does the ph contribute to greenhouse gas emission in 2020?

A

1.18%

86
Q

give properties of water (6)

A

salinity, pH, turbidity, viscosity, odor, presence of colliform & e. coli

87
Q

dynamics of aquatic environment depend on:

A

properties of water and environmental forces

88
Q

give environmental forces

A

temperature, light, dissolved oxygen, current, population density

89
Q

what are salinity, pH, turbidity, viscosity, odor, colliform & e. coli

A

properties of water

ECOLOGY (4 decks)

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