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GCSE Yr 10-11 > Physics 1 > Flashcards

Physics 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is energy

A

The ability to do work

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2
Q

What is Chemical energy

A

The energy stored in chemical bonds between molecules

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3
Q

Where can chemical energy be found

A

In fuel,batteries,fuel and muscles

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4
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

The energy of moving object

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5
Q

What is examples of kinetic energy

A

Runners, Buses

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6
Q

What is gravitational potential

A

The energy of an object at height

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7
Q

What is an example of gravitational potentiall

A

Aeroplanes, Mugs on a table,

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8
Q

What is thermal energy

A

The total Energy of particle in the object

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9
Q

What is an example of thermal energy

A

Hot coffee

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10
Q

What is elastic potential

A

The energy stores when an object is stretched or squashed

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11
Q

What is an example of elastic potential

A

Elastic band

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12
Q

What is the 5 typical energy stores

A

Chemical

Kinetic

Gravitational

Thermal

Elastic potential

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13
Q

What is the other energy sources

A

Magnetic

Electrostatic

Nuclear

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14
Q

How can energy be transferred

A

Heating

Electrical

Radiation

Mechanical

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15
Q

How many stores of energy in total

A

8 in total common and less common

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16
Q

What is Magnetic energy

A

The energy stored when repelling poles have been pushed closer

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17
Q

What is an example of magnetic energy

A

Fridge magnets, Compasses

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18
Q

What is conservation of energy

A

Energy cant be made or destroyed

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19
Q

What is energy measured in

A

Joules 1 (j) = 1 N x M

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20
Q

Who said energy cant be made or destroyed

A

James Prescott Joule
1818-89

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21
Q

What is a system

A

A system is a choosen object or a group of objects

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22
Q

What is a closed system

A

In a closed system, where no energy is added and none can escape, the total energy in that system must remain constant

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23
Q

What is work

A

Work is the amount of energy transferred (changed)
when a force moves (in the direction of the force)

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24
Q

What is the formula for work

A

W= F x s

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25
Q

What is friction and how does this affect work done

A

Friction is a movement opposing force to the direction of movment when two surfuces contact are in contact

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26
Q

What is gravitational potential

A

When an object is lifted in a gravitational field, energy is transferred to a
gravitational potential store.
(Your muscles transfer chemical energy stored in them)

27
Q

What happens the higher you lift an object

A

The higher you lift the object the more gravitational potential energy it has.

28
Q

Equation for weight

A

Weight = mass x gravitational field strength = Force

29
Q

Equation for work done

A

Work done = Force x distance = Weight x height

30
Q

Unit for mass

A

Kg

31
Q

Is weight sclar or vector

A

Scalar

32
Q

What effects gravitational potential energy

A

Height

Mass of an object

33
Q

The work when an object moves up or down depends on:

A

Weight

Change in height

34
Q

Equation for gravitational potential

A

ΔEp= m x g x Δh

35
Q

How can we increase the Gravitational Potential
energy of an object

A

Increase height,weight like on another planet

36
Q

What is the equation for GPE

A

M x G x H

37
Q

What is kinetic energy

A

The energy an object has because of its motion depends on its mass and
velocity

38
Q

What do you think we would need to know to calculate the kinetic energy of a dog?

A

Mass and speed

39
Q

Kinetic Energy equation

A

Kinetic Energy = ½ x mass x velocity2

40
Q

What is wasted energy

A

‘Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, only
transformed from one store to another.’

41
Q

What happenes to wasted energy

A

Wasted energy is eventually transferred to the surroundings, which become warmer.
This dissipated energy is too spread out to do useful work and so cannot be reused.
This is why it is important to reduce the amount of energy that is wasted.

42
Q

What does a sankey diagram represent

A

That amount of useful and not useful energy

43
Q

Useful energy

A

Useful energy is energy transferred to where it is wanted and in the form it is wanted.

44
Q

Wasted energy

A

Wasted energy is energy that is not usefully transferred.

45
Q

Give examples of useful and wasted energy.

A

For example, a light bulb transfers energy usefully by light waves and wastes energy in the form of heat.

46
Q

What is elastic potential energy

A

Elastic potential Energy (Ee) = ½ x k x e2

47
Q

What does elastic potential energy depend in

A

its spring constant and extension.

48
Q

What is energy effecients

A

Energy effecients is about how much useful enegy output as possible froma device

49
Q

What is useful energy measured in

A

Useful energy is measured in joules (J).

50
Q

Bhat is total energy measured in

A

Total energy is measured in joules (J).

51
Q

What is energy effecients neasured in

A

Energy efficiency does not have any units.
It is a number between 0 and 1 which can be converted into
a percentage by multiplying by 100

52
Q

What is the energy effcients equation

A

useful output energy
—- - – - - - ———- — -
total input energy

53
Q

Can anything be over 100% efficent

A

No due to the law of conservation of energy

54
Q

How to waste less effcent energybin a car motor

A

Tighten loose parts to reduce excess movement and noise

Lubricate movibg parts to reduce friction

55
Q

How to waste less effcent energy in a charger

A

Use short and or thicker wires to reduce electrical resistance

56
Q

How to waste less effcent energy in a van

A

Streamline the shape of moving objects to reduce air resistance

57
Q

What is useful energy in a Light bulb

A

Light is emited from the glowing filment

58
Q

What is wasted energy in a light bulb

A

Energy vanster from the filament heating the surroundings

59
Q

What is Useful energy in an electric heater

A

Energy heating the surroundings

60
Q

What is wasted energy in an elctric heater

A

Light emitted from the glowing element

61
Q

What is power

A

Power (in physics) means the rate at which energy is transferred

It is measured in Watts, W.

62
Q

What is the unit for Watts

A

W

63
Q

What is the unit for joules

A

J

64
Q

What is Joules per second measured in

A

Joules per second (J/s).

1W = 1 J/s

GCSE Yr 10-11 (11 decks)

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