Physics

Question 1

What is the name of our galaxy?

Answer 1

The Milky way gakaxy

Question 2

What does a galaxy contain?

Answer 2

Billions of stars, gas and dust

Question 3

How do stars form?

Answer 3

Gas and dust are pulled together with gravity. If enough material gets pulled together then it can get hot and make a new star

Question 4

How do we measure speed in space?

Answer 4

We use the measurment light speed

Question 5

What force is needed to make a new star?

Answer 5

Gravity

Question 6

How do stars shine and what nuclear reaction is responsible for this?

Answer 6

Stars shine due to the nuclear fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei.

Question 7

In the process of star formation, what happens when enough material gets pulled together, and what can a new star make?

Answer 7

When enough material is pulled together, it gets very hot and starts to shine. A new star can make the surrounding gas glow.

Question 8

How do scientists estimate the lifespan of stars?

Answer 8

Scientists estimate the lifespan of stars based on their observations and knowledge of nuclear fusion.

Question 9

what happens during the nuclear fusion process in star formation?

Answer 9

In star formation, vast amounts of energy are released through nuclear fusion.

Question 10

Where do new stars form, and what is the essential process in their formation?

Answer 10

New stars form in galaxies from clouds of gas and dust. The essential process is the gravitational pull that brings these clouds together.

Question 11

Why do scientists believe there is likely to be life elsewhere in our galaxy?

Answer 11

Scientists believe there’s likely life elsewhere in our galaxy due to the vast number of stars, and it’s probable that some have planets with suitable conditions.

Question 12

How do humans communicate on earth

Answer 12

With sattelites and radio waves

Question 13

What is the needed criteria for a planet to be called habitable?

Answer 13

They need to be in the right distance away from the sun, and they need to have a stable atsmosphere to be called habitable

Question 14

Why does a star’s own gravity tend to make it collapse, and what conditions in the core allow nuclear fusion to occur?

Answer 14

A star’s own gravity tends to make it collapse due to its large mass. The core of the star becomes hot enough for nuclear fusion to occur. The bigger the star’s mass, the faster these fusion reactions take place.

Question 15

No

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What factors contribute to the stability of a star during the main period of its life? how are gravitational and outward pressure forces balanced?

Answer 16

During the main period of a star’s life, gravitational forces and outward pressure forces are balanced, leading to the star’s stability. This balance occurs when nuclear fusion reactions release energy, creating a high temperature and pressure within the star.

Question 17

What happens to a star like the Sun when most of its hydrogen is converted into helium, and what will be the outcome for the Sun in the future?

Answer 17

When most of the Sun’s hydrogen is converted into helium, it will expand into a red giant, approximately ten times its present diameter. The inner planets will be vaporized, and only the rocky cores of the outer planets will remain.

Question 18

Name the forces acting on a rocket during takeoff and on a satellite in orbit.

Answer 18

For a rocket during takeoff: Thrust (force pushing the rocket upward), gravity, and drag. For a satellite in orbit: Gravity and velocity.

Question 19

Describe the process of getting a satellite into orbit.

Answer 19

To get a satellite into orbit, you need to break through the required speed at a certain angle to escape the atmosphere and orbit Earth.

Question 20

What is low polar orbit?

Answer 20

Low Polar Orbit: Passes over a strip of the Earth, takes 90 minutes to complete an orbit, and does not stay above the same point on Earth.

Question 21

What is a geo-stationary orbit?

Answer 21

Geostationary Orbit: Stays over the same space over Earth, takes one day to complete an orbit, and satellite stays above the same point on Earth all the time.

Question 22

What is low earth orbit? (LEO)?

Answer 22

Low Earth Orbit (LEO): Spins all over the Earth, takes 90 minutes to complete an orbit, and does not stay above the same point on Earth.

Question 23

What orbit would a sattelite TV reception make?

Answer 23

Geo stationary orbit-The position of satellite dishes does not change once installed, indicating a stationary orbit is likely.

Question 24

What orbit would the ISS (international space station) make?

Answer 24

Low earth Orbit (LEO)-The ISS orbits close to Earth, completing about 15 orbits each day and not passing over the poles.

Question 25

What orbit would a sattelite that tracks cyclones and hurricanes take?

Answer 25

Low Polar Orbit-Needs to cover long distances and passes over a strip of the Earth.

Question 26

State two factors to look for when conducting a risk assesment

Answer 26

The two factors are the probability that it happens and the consequences if it does

Question 27

Identify a major risk during take-off in the Apollo missions and describe how they managed this risk.

Answer 27

A major risk during take-off was the potential explosion of the enormous rocket. Engineers managed this risk by ensuring the spacecraft was designed to withstand the possibility of an explosion.

Question 28

What does the Geocentric model propose?

Answer 28

The Geocentric model suggests that Earth is at the center of the universe, with planets, the sun, the moon, and stars orbiting around it in concentric circles.

Question 29

What is the heliocentric model?

Answer 29

The heliocentric model is a model that suggests the sun is in the middle of the solar system and all the other planets revolve around it