Physics Midterm part 2

Question 1

Atomic mass unit (amu)

Answer 1

Measures the mass of an atom on the atomic scale.

Question 2

Atomic weight

Answer 2

the average mass of the element in atomic mass units (amu).

Question 3

Isotopes

Answer 3

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but with a different number of neutrons

Question 4

Nuclide

Answer 4

An atomic species characterized by the specific constitution of its nucleus, i.e., by its number of protons Z, its number of neutrons N, and its nuclear energy state

Question 5

Isobar

Answer 5

Atoms with the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers.

Question 6

Isotone

Answer 6

Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different number of protons.

Question 7

Isomers

Answer 7

Atoms with the same atomic number and same atomic mass but have different amounts of energy inside of the nucleus.

Question 8

Ion

Answer 8

An electrically unstable atom with an imbalance of protons and electrons.

Question 9

Periodic table

Answer 9

8 vertical groups, 7 horizontal. Vertical groups have similar chemical properties and the same valance number.

Question 10

Rare earth series

Answer 10

Elements with atomic numbers 58 through 71, along with Yttrium (Z = 39) and Scandium (Z = 21).

Question 11

Magnetism

Answer 11

Defined as the ability of certain materials to attract the elements iron, nickel, and cobalt.

Question 12

Natural magnets

Answer 12

Magnets that exist in nature without any help from humans.

Question 13

Artificial permanent magnets

Answer 13

Man-made magnets that are magnetic all of the time.
They are usually made of iron, steel, or alnico.

Question 14

Artificial temporary magnets

Answer 14

These temporary magnets are only magnetized in the presence of an electric current.

Question 15

Webers theory of magnetism

Answer 15

States that when a charged particle is in motion, a magnetic force field will be created that is perpendicular to the motion

Question 16

Magnet field

Answer 16

a zone of electromagnetic force that surrounds a magnet.

Question 17

Magnetic flux or field strength

Answer 17

This is the number of force lines emitted by the magnet.

Question 18

Magnetic flux density

Answer 18

The number of force lines per unit area
MKS & SI- Tesla
CGS - Gauss

Question 19

Law of magnetic poles

Answer 19

Every magnet has 2 pole, one at each end.

Question 20

Law of Attraction/Repulsion

Answer 20

Like poles of magnets will repel each other while unlike or opposite poles attract each other.

Question 21

Columbs law

Answer 21

The force of attraction or repulsion between two magnetic poles varies directly with the strength of the poles and inversely with the square of the distance between the poles.

Question 22

Properties of magnets

Answer 22

Breaking a magnet does not destroy its magnetic property,
Instead, each fragment will become a separate magnet with its own north and south pole.
Heating or hammering a piece of magnetic material while it is in a magnetic field will eventually cause it to become magnetized
Rubbing a non-magnetized bar of magnetic material with a magnet will eventually cause it to become magnetized.

Question 23

Magnetic induction

Answer 23

The process of creating a magnet using the magnetic field of another magnet

Question 24

Susceptibility

Answer 24

The extent to which material becomes magnetized when placed into a magnetic field.

Question 25

Permeability

Answer 25

The ease with which a given material becomes magnetized by induction.

Question 26

Retentivity

Answer 26

The ability of a magnet to resist demagnetization

Question 27

4 Magnetic classifications of matter

Answer 27

1) Ferromagnetic
2) Paramagnetic
3) Diamagnetic
4) Non-magnetic