Physics Paper 1 Flashcards
What are the 8 energy stores?
Kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, thermal, chemical, nuclear, magnetic, electrostatic
What are 4 ways energy can be transferred by?
Heating - one object to another with a lower temperature
Waves - transfer energy by radiation
Electricity - when an electric current flows
Forces - when a force moves or changes the shape of an object
What is a closed system?
One where no energy can escape to, or enter from, the surroundings. Total energy never changes
What does dissipated mean (in terms of energy)?
When energy is wasted because it is lost to the surroundings
Name some non-renewable energy sources (4)
Coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear fission
Name some renewable energy sources (7)
Solar, hydroelectric, tidal, wave, wind, geothermal, biofuels
Three ways we use Earth’s energy resources
Generating electricity, heating, transport
Renewable meaning
Can be replaced at the same rate it is used up (will not run out)
What is the national grid?
A nationwide network of cables and transformers that links power stations to homes, offices and other consumers of mains electricty
What is the mains supply (V and Hz)?
230V and 50Hz
What do step-up transformers do?
Increase the voltage and decrease the current so electricity can be distributed long distances
What do step-down transformers do?
Decrease the voltage and increase the current
What is alternating current?
When the direction of the flow of electrons switches back and forth at regular intervals or cycles
Wires in a plug (colour - name)
Blue - neutral
Brown - live
Yellow & green - earth
How does a solid change to a gas?
Sublimation
