Physiology

Question 1

Tidal Volume (TV)

Answer 1

Volume of air entering or leaving the lungs during a single breath

Question 2

Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)

Answer 2

Extra volume of air that can be maximally inspired over and above the typical resting tidal volume.

Question 3

Inspiratory Capacity (IC)

Answer 3

Maximum volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration (IC = IRV + TV)

Question 4

Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)

Answer 4

Extra volume of air that can be actively expired by maximal contraction beyond the normal volume of air after a resting tidal volume.

Question 5

Residual Volume (RV)

Answer 5

Minimum volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a maximal expiration.

Question 6

Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

Answer 6

Volume of air in the lungs at the end of a normal passive expiration (FRC = ERV + RV).

Question 7

Vital Capacity (VC)

Answer 7

Maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration (VC = IRV + TV + ERV)

Question 8

Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

Answer 8

Maximum volume of air that the lungs can hold (TLC = VC + RV).

Question 9

FEV1

Answer 9

Volume of air that can be expired during the first second of expiration in an FVC determination

Question 10

Parasympathetic stimulation causes…

Answer 10

Bronchoconstriction

Question 11

Sympathetic stimulation causes…

Answer 11

Bronchodilation

Question 12

Pulmonary Ventilation

Answer 12

The volume of air breathed in and out per minute.

Question 13

Alveolar Ventilation

Answer 13

The volume of air exchanged between the atmosphere and alveoli per minute.

Question 14

PAO2

Answer 14

Partial pressure of O2 in alveolar air

Question 15

PiO2

Answer 15

Partial pressure of O2 in inspired air

Question 16

PaCO2

Answer 16

Partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood