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History Indians and Anglo Saxons > Plains Indians > Flashcards

Plains Indians Flashcards

1
Q

4 examples of tribes of Plains Indians

A

Crow, Sioux, Araphos, Comanches

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2
Q

How many sub-tribes were the Lakota Sioux made up of?

A

7

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3
Q

2 examples of sub-tribes of Lakota Sioux?

A

Hunkpapa and Ogala

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4
Q

Tribes were made up of…

A

bands

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5
Q

Bands were made up of…

A

10-50 families

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6
Q

Bands of tribes would meet up … for …

A

twice a year for the Buffalo Hunt

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7
Q

3 examples of famous chiefs in the Plains Indians

A

Red Cloud, Sitting Bull, Crazy Horse

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8
Q

Who was the tribal council for the Plains Indians?

A

Medicine Men, elders and Chiefs

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9
Q

Did the chief have any control in the Plains Indians?

A

No

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10
Q

How were chiefs picked for the plains Indians?

A

For their skill, if it was required at the time

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11
Q

A group of trained young fighters, who would help hunt Buffalo for the elderly / led the hunts and went to war wars?

A

Warrior Brotherhood

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12
Q

Who did the Warrior Brotherhood not have to listen to, causing problems?

A

Counsil

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13
Q

Where did honour come from for the Plains Indians in warfare?

A

Counting Coup

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14
Q

What was Counting Coup?

A

Getting close enough to touch an enemy without being hurt

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15
Q

What acts of warfare caused the White People to see the Indians as savages?

A

Scalping
Stealing horses

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16
Q

What would the Plains Indians do if they were loosing a battle?

A

Run away

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17
Q

Who was “The Mother”?

A

The land - it was sacred

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18
Q

What effect did the Land being seen as spiritual have on the Plains Indians?

A

They did not farm
They did not mine
They did not claim / own land
They were nomadic

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19
Q

What land was sacred to the Sioux?

A

Black Hills –> where they believed their tribe was created. Used it as their burial grounds.

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20
Q

Great Spirit name for the Sioux

A

Wakantanka

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21
Q

What was the meaning of the Great Spirit for the Plains Indians?

A

Everything was equal and sacred - people and nature.

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22
Q

Sun dance

A

Poked with a painful stick in chest to create hole. So painful that they saw their spirit animal.

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23
Q

How did Plains Indians see their spirit animal?

A

Pain (Sun dance)
Fast alone, for days until hallucinated

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24
Q

What were Plains Indians homes called?

A

Tipis

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25
Q

What were Tipis made of?

A

Buffalo skin, painted for decoration. Made people understand the family inside

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26
Q

In a tribe of 3000 Comanches, how many horses?

A

8000

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27
Q

The comanches had 8000 horses for a tribe of how many?

A

3000

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28
Q

What was horsemanship a sign of in War?

A

Bravery

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29
Q

Why would Plains Indians steal other tribes horses?

A

Increased their status
Apart of the Counting Coup
Horse = status and reputation

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30
Q

What were horses used for?

A

Hunting and Warfare

31
Q

Plains Indians name for Women?

A

Squaws

32
Q

Job of Women for plains Indians?

A

Preparing the hinds of Buffalo.
Responsible for homes and families

33
Q

Job of Men for Plains Indians?

A

Hunting, Looking after horses, Protecting bands

34
Q

Job of Elders for Plains Indians?

A

Council members - their opinions were respected

35
Q

How many Buffalo did the Indians hunt?

A

Enough to survive

36
Q

A spiritual ceremony to call the Buffalo close and pray for a successful hunt?

A

Buffalo Dance

37
Q

Very organised, with only 2-3 Buffalo killed each year per band. Warriors would stampede the buffalo to hunt them?

A

The Hunt

38
Q

Who would process the Buffalo and waste none?

A

Women and Children

39
Q

How many Buffalo killed per hunt per Band?

A

2-3

40
Q

Buffalo –> fat?

A

Fat for cooking
Soap
Hair grease

41
Q

Buffalo –> horns?

A

Arrow-straighteners
Cups
Fire-carriers
Ladels

42
Q

Buffalo –> skull?

A

Religous ceremonies

43
Q

Buffalo –> brain?

A

Tanning the hides

44
Q

Buffalo –> tongue?

A

Hairbrush
Eaten raw as a delicacy

45
Q

Buffalo –> Heart?

A

Buried to bring new life to the herd
Eaten to bring a warrior the strength of a buffalo in battle

46
Q

Buffalo –> hooves?

A

Glue
Rattle
Tools

47
Q

Buffalo –> Intestines?

A

Cooking vessel
Buckets

48
Q

Buffalo –> Gall?

A

Yellow paint
Delicacy eaten raw

49
Q

Buffalo –> Bones?

A

Arrowheard
Dice
Jewellery
Knives

50
Q

Buffalo –> Dung?

A

Fuel
Smoked by men in special ceremonies

51
Q

Buffalo –> Baldder?

A

Food bags

52
Q

Buffalo –> Tail?

A

Fly swats

53
Q

Buffalo –> fur?

A

Decoration on clothes
Pillows

54
Q

Buffalo –> Tanned hide?

A

Tipis
Clothes

55
Q

Buffalo –> Rawhide?

A

Belts
Bags

56
Q

How many buffalo hunts a year?

A

2

57
Q

Importance of Buffalo in Warfare?

A

Hunts allowed boys to become men
Used parts of the Buffalo as weapons

58
Q

Importance of Buffalo in Society?

A

Bring communities together in the spring hunt
Buffalo Dance before hunts –> spiritual all of society together

59
Q

Importance of Buffalo in Life?

A

Hunted just enough to keep Indians alive
Their homes were made up of 10-20 skins from Buffalo

60
Q

Who passed the Indian Removal Act?

A

President Jackson

61
Q

When was the Indian Removal Act?

A

1830

62
Q

Name of the Trial taken in the Indian Removal Act (1830)?

A

Trail of Tears

63
Q

How many Indian’s forced out of the Eastern States in the Indian Removal Act?

A

46,000

64
Q

When was the Permanent Indian Frontier set up?

A

1834

65
Q

How did the Permanent Indian Frontier separate Indians and White People?

A
  • Series of forts
  • No trade allowed to occur between Indians and White people
    (can’t sell alcohol or guns to Indians)
66
Q

When was Indian’s appropriation Act?

A

1851

67
Q

What was the aim of the Indian’s appropriation Act?

A
  • Set up reservations
  • Civilise the Indians (christian schools, farming)
68
Q

Why did the Indians agree to the Indian’s Appropriation Act?

A

The Government offered them Money

69
Q

When was the First Fort Laramie Treaty?

A

1851

70
Q

What did the Plains Indians give Americans in the First Fort Laramie Treaty?

A
  • Settlers could cross their land
  • Forts could be built
  • They would stick to reservations
  • Tribes would not fight each other
71
Q

What did the Americans give the Plains Indians in the First Fort Laramie Treaty?

A
  • $5,000
    (usually in goods)
  • Stop settlers settling on their land
72
Q

Why didn’t the Indians follow the First Fort Laramie treaty?

A
  • US gov only agreed with some chiefs - not all of them
  • No translators - Indians did not understand it
73
Q

How did the White People break the First Fort Laramie Treaty?

A
  • Let settlers hunt buffalo
  • Claimed Cheyenne’s land when gold was discovered there in 1858
74
Q

Which disease spread quickly on the plains?

A

Measles

History Indians and Anglo Saxons (7 decks)

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