Plants

Question 1

Primary growth

Answer 1

Occurs only at the end of the plant. Produced by cell divisions in the apical meristem. Takes place in all seed plants.

Question 2

Secondary growth

Answer 2

Stems increase in width. Takes place in lateral meristematic tissues called the vascular cambium and cork cambium.

Question 3

How do gymnosperms reproduce?

Answer 3

Pollen from the male cone has to reach the female cone (pollination), then sperm has to reach the ovule (fertilization) to make a seed (baby plant).

Question 4

How do angiosperms reproduce?

Answer 4

Pollen from the anther must reach stigma (fertilization), then the sperm travels down the style to reach ovule (fertilization) to make a seed (baby plant).

Question 5

What does the growth hormone auxin do?

Answer 5

Stimulates cell elongation

Causes stems to bend toward or away

Question 6

What does the growth hormone cytokinins do? Where does it take place?

Answer 6

• stimulates cell division

- in apical meristem

Question 7

What does the growth hormone gibberellins do?

Answer 7

Causes dramatic increase in growth stems, fruit, and flowers.

Question 8

What does the hormone ethylene do?

Answer 8

Causes fruit to ripen.

Question 9

How does the stomata work?

Answer 9

1. Openings allow gas exchange, but water can ex scape.
2. When plant is well watered, guard cells swell and open stoma.
3. When it loses too much water, guard cells shrink and stoma closes.