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Medicine 🩺 > Poisoning ☠️ > Flashcards

Poisoning ☠️ Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of small pupil in poisoning

A

OPC : Opioids, OPC,Clonidine (দিনের আলোয় পিউপিল ছোট)

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2
Q

Causes of large pupil

A

TCA ( TCA,Cocaine,Amphetamine)

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3
Q

Poisons causing rhabdomyolysis-

A

Amphetamine,Caffeine

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4
Q

Poisons causing hyperthermia-

A

Ecstasy,SSRI,Salicylates

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5
Q

Poisons causing hypothermia-

A

CNS Depressant,
Opioids,
Chlorpromazine

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6
Q

Highly toxic antibiotics-

A

Tetracycline, Anti-tb drugs

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7
Q

Causes of toxins causing normal lactate acidosis:

A

“Sally met harry para gliding”
Sally=Salicylates
Met harry=Methanol
Para= Paraldehyde
Gliding=Glycol

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8
Q

Causes of high lactate acidosis (toxin+non toxin):

A

High MISS COC
High= High lactate gap
M= Metformin
I= Iron
S= Sodium Valproate
S= Shock ( non toxic cause)

CO= Carbon Monoxide
C= Cyanide

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9
Q

Common toxic causes of anion gap:

A

Alcoholic Annie Sells Cyan Irons
Alcoholic= Ethanol,Methanol,Glycol
Annie= Anion gap
Sells= Salicylates
Cyan= Cyanide
Irons= Iron

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10
Q

Common causes of Osmolar gap:

A

Alcoholic Annie is awesome-
3 alcohols cause osmolar gap: Ethanol Methanol Glycol

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11
Q

Causes of Methaemoglobinaemia:

A

Myth is DON is BAC
D= Dapsone
O=Organic Nitrites
N=Nitrates, Naphthalene
B=Benzocaine
A=Aniline dye
C=Chloroquine, Chlorobenzene, Copper Sulphate

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12
Q

Consequences of Methaemoglobinaemia:

A

1)Oxy-hb curve shifted to left ( because methb tightly bound to O2 and doesn’t let go)
2)Reduced O2 in tissues
(When curve is shifted to left, tissue is left behind)
3) C: Cyanosis-> SOB-> fatigue
Chest pain
Confusion
Consciousness impaired
Convulsion

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13
Q

Treatment of Methaemoglobinaemia:

A

-Methylthioninium chloride ( Methylene Blue)
When skin is blue (cyanosed) treat with blue

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14
Q

In Methaemoglobinaemia, SpO2 in pulse oximetry tends towards-

A

85%

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15
Q

• Activated charcoal is most effective if given within-

A

1 hour

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16
Q

Substances poorly absorbed by activated charcoal-

A

I Love APA MEME
I = Iron
Love= Lithium
A Acid
P Petroleum
A Alkali
M Mercury
E Ethanol
M Methanol
E Ethylene Glycol

17
Q

Gastric lavage contraindicated in-

A

Acid,Alkali,Petroleum distillates (APA)

18
Q

Poisons effectively eliminated by hemodialysis:

A

বাজে Alcohol খেয়ে Sally Bi।এরপর ডায়ালাইসিস লাগল
Alcohol- Methanol,Isopropanol,Glycol
Sally-Salicylates
Bi- bipolar এর দুইটা drug : lithium,Valproate

19
Q

Poisons effectively eliminated by activated charcoal:

A

Black thief found queen Daphne’s car
Black= Charcoal
Thief= Theophylline
Found= Phenobarbital
Queen=Quinidine
Daphne’s=Dapsone
Car= Carbamazepine

20
Q

Poisons effectively eliminated by hemoperfusion:

A

PACT =All anticonvulsants (except valproate) + Theophylline

21
Q

Poisons excreted by urinary alkalinization-

A

Salicylates
Methotrexate

22
Q

• Acetylcysteine is highly efficacious if administered within –

A

8 hours

23
Q

Most important adverse effect of acetylcysteine-

A

Non allergic anaphylactic reaction due to dose mediated histamine release

24
Q

Antidote of MTX?

A

Glucarpidase

25
Q

Which type of acid base disorders occur in salicylate poisoning?

A

1) Respiratory Alkalosis
2) Normal lactate high anion gap metabolic acidosis

26
Q

Chelating agent used in lead poisoning-

A

DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic acid)
Na Ca Edetate

27
Q

Side effects of desferrioxamine?

A

Hypotension
Allergic reaction
Pulmonary Edema

28
Q

Late complication of iron overdose?

A

Gastrointestinal strictures

29
Q

Vitamins acting as antidotes?

A

Vit K - Warfarin poisoning
Vit B6 ( Pyridoxine)- Isoniazid
Vit B12 (Cobalamin)- Cyanide

30
Q

Which electrolyte abnormality indicate severe Digoxin poisoning?

A

Hyperkalemia

31
Q

Common arrhythmia in digoxin poisoning?

A

Ventricular bigeminy

Medicine 🩺 (18 decks)

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