Political

Question 1

Both McMurdo and Scott Base are located on

Answer 1

Ross Island

Question 2

A number of scientific studies carried out in the Antarctic have demonstrated adverse effects of tourist visits on

Answer 2

Penguins

Question 3

The majority of tourism in the Antarctic occurs

Answer 3

In the Antarctic Peninsula

Question 4

New Zealand’s most tragic air crash involving Flight TE901:

Answer 4

Was probably due to a combination of aviators whiteout and computer error

Question 5

The largest scientific base in Antarctica is:

Answer 5

McMurdo Station

Question 6

Extensions to the Antarctic Treaty:

Answer 6

Ban the mining of minerals

Question 7

Which of the following statements does not apply to the Antarctic Treaty?

Answer 7

It protects whales from exploitation

Question 8

Sir Vivian Fuch’s party of the Transantarctic Expedition of 1957-1958 started at:

Answer 8

Shackleton Base

Question 9

The International Geophysical Year (IGY):

Answer 9

Included all parts of earth

Question 10

The Environmental (Madrid) Protocol (1991):

Answer 10

Established specifically protected areas in Antarctica

Question 11

Which of the following statements are true with respect to Antarctic tourism?

Answer 11

Tourists first visited Antarctica by air in 1957, and the number of Antarctic tourists each year is now greater than the number of scientists and support staff who work there

Question 12

Tourists to Antarctica

Answer 12

First officially visited in 1957

Question 13

There are around 40 permanent scientific bases in the Antarctic region, the greatest concentration is found in the:

Answer 13

Antarctic Peninsula

Question 14

Which of the following was NOT one of the 12 countries that established Antarctic research bases in the IGY?

Answer 14

China

Question 15

The first overland crossing of Antarctica was completed by a team led by:

Answer 15

Vivian Fuchs

Question 16

The Antarctic Treaty:

Answer 16

Allows research with radioisotopes

Question 17

The Antarctic Treaty has been extended by a number of conventions. Which of the following did NOT come into force?

Answer 17

Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities

Question 18

In 1954, Australia built Mawson Station, located:

Answer 18

On the east Antarctic coast and was the first permanent base on the continent

Question 19

A number of different groups have established settlements in the Antarctic region. The earliest settlers in the Antarctic region were:

Answer 19

Sealers, then explorers, and lastly scientists

Question 20

Which of the following statements are TRUE with respect to Antarctic tourism?

Answer 20

The vast majority of tourism in the Antarctic results from ship-based cruises, and Antarctic tourism started in the 1950s and today is the fastest growing human activity in the Antarctic.

Question 21

What is Scott Base’s purpose?

Answer 21

Scott Base was set up to support field research in earth sciences, operated by Antarctica New Zealand

Question 22

What are three extensions to the Antarctic Treaty?

Answer 22

1. Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (CCAS); 2. Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR); 3. Protocol on Environmental Protection (PEP)

Question 23

The Commonwealth Transantarctic Expedition of 1957-58 consisted of two teams:

Answer 23

Crossing Party and the Ross Sea Party

Question 24

What motivated the Americans to sign the Antarctic Treaty?

Answer 24

The Cold War and Russia’s interest in Antarctica

Question 25

The Antarctic Treaty was a landmark agreement because

Answer 25

It 1) govern nuclear-arms control and 2) govern human activities beyond countries sovereign jurisdictions

Question 26

What three statements about IPYs are correct?

Answer 26

There have been four IPYs; they’re a collaborative effort to conduct science in the polar regions; the third was also known as the international geophysical year

Question 27

How did America operate a nuclear power plant in Antarctica?

Answer 27

The Treaty prohibits nuclear arms and waste disposal, and the plant was to power research stations and never leaked

Question 28

A New Zealand citizen working for another Antarctic base is subject to which laws?

Answer 28

New Zealand law