political theory

Question 1

what is the first stage of society as per kautliya?

Answer 1

matsyanyaya

Question 2

who was appointed as king after the age of matsyanyaya

Answer 2

manu, son of king vivasat

Question 3

what are the other two forms of govt not approved by kautliya

Answer 3

vairajya (rule by foreigners), dvairajya (rule by male members of the entire family)

Question 4

what are the purusharthas?

Answer 4

Dharma: Performance of one’s duty as prescribed by the sacred law
(Religion)
 Artha: Acquisition of wealth and material prosperity (Polity)
 Kama: Gratification of desires and sensual enjoyments (Art and Culture)
 Moksha: Final liberation and emancipation of the soul (Penance)

Question 5

what is dharma

Answer 5

Performance of one’s duty as prescribed by the sacred law (religion)

Question 6

what is artha?

Answer 6

Artha: Acquisition of wealth and material prosperity (Polity)

Question 7

what is kama?

Answer 7

Kama: Gratification of desires and sensual enjoyments (Art and Culture)

Question 8

what is mokksha?

Answer 8

Moksha: Final liberation and emancipation of the soul (Penance)

Question 9

what is dandaniti?

Answer 9

Art of using force to control the errant elements in the society.

Question 10

what are the four purposes of dandaniti?

Answer 10

1. Acquisition of the unacquired
2. Preservation of the acquired
3. Augmentation of the preserved
4. Fair Distribution of the Augmented

Question 11

what did the people pledge to manu vaisvawat?

Answer 11

one sixth of food grains and one tenth of other items including tax on gold

Question 12

why did they pledge to manu vaivaswat?

Answer 12

For Safety and Prosperity of People

Question 13

a king should protect his people from eight type of natural calamities, what are they?

Answer 13

1. Fire
2. Flood
3. Epidemic
4. Famine
5. Rats
6. Snakes
7. Tigers
8. Evil Spirits

Question 14

what may the extent of king’s defence be?

Answer 14

a) Defence from external enemies and assailants
b) Maintenance of law and order within the state
c) Protection of the subjects from natural calamities

Question 15

what are the atma vrata for the king?

Answer 15

Kama (Lust), Krodha (Anger), Lobha (Greed), Mana
(Vanity), Mada (Haughtiness) and Harsha (Overjoy)

Question 16

what are the seven organs of the state?

Answer 16

swami, amatya, kosha, suhrid, durg, sena, janapada

Question 17

what is the swami?

Answer 17

head

Question 18

who is the amatya?

Answer 18

eyes

Question 19

who is the suhrid?

Answer 19

ears

Question 20

what is the kosha?

Answer 20

treasure (mouth)

Question 21

what is the sena?

Answer 21

army, brain

Question 22

how many types of army exists?

Answer 22

a) Clan Army: Hereditary Soldiers
b) Hired/Militia Army
c) Army constituted by the corporations
d) Army raised by recruiting the assistance of friendly countries
e) Fighting unit made up of prisoners of war
f) Army made up of tribal people

Question 23

how many types of durga are there? what are they?

Answer 23

a) Audak Fort: Surrounded by Water Body
b) Parvat Fort: Built amidst high mountains
c) Dhanvan Fort: Surrounded by Desert
d) Van Fort: Situated amidst dense forest

Question 24

what are the janapada?

Answer 24

people (legs)

Question 25

what are the four upayas of diplomacy and statecraft?

Answer 25

Sama (Conciliation): For Stronger King as it is impossible to defeat him
in the battlefield
b) Dana (Concession or Gift): With Stronger King in order to appease him
c) Danda (Use of Force): With a weaker king to extract concessions or to
defeat him
d) Bheda (Dissension): With equally strong kings with a view to induce
them to destroy each other’s strength

Question 26

what is sama?

Question 27

what is kama

Question 28

what is dand?

Question 29

VD SAVARKAR BORN

Answer 29

1883 - 1966