Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

National Five Geography > Population > Flashcards

Population Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the term distribution

A

the way people are spread across the earths surface
distribution is uneven and changes over periods of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe density

A

the number of people living in a given area usally a square kilometre (km2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the physical factors affecting population density across the world

A

relief
climate
soil
natural resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the human factors affecting the population density across the world

A

job opportunities
transport and communications
services
government aid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

describe how relief affects population density

A
  • people prefer to live on flat low lying areas bc it is easier to build in
    S England and the Central lowlands of Scotland
  • Coastal areas allow trade to take place at ports locate by the sea so many people live nearby so they can get jobs NE of USA
  • few people tend to live in mountainous areas bc steep slopes make it diff for machinery to operate so few people live ther Scottish highlands
  • upland areas are too cold and wet which makes it diff to grow crops so few people live there bc soils are thin and infertile so crops can’t grow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is relief

A

height and shape of land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how does climate affect population

A
  • people prefer to live in temperate climates where there is enough rainfall to provide water and temps are warm enough to grow crops
  • few people live in areas with extreme climates bc areas like the sahara dessert with v high temps and low rainfall make farming difficult the soils are thin and infertile and is easily eroded by the wind conditions are unpleasant and is diff to grow crops
  • few people live in areas such as Artic Canada as permafrost makes building houses and roads diff as. the ground is frozen for most the year and the growing season is too short for crops to grow so all food has to be imported
  • rainforest have a low population density as they are uncomfortable to live in due to the humid climate and diseases like malaria spread easily
    eg amazon rainforest in Brazil
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does soil affect density

A
  • people prefer to live in areas with fertile soils so that crops can be grown to supply food in the nile valley the soil is fertile so it is possible to grow crops and that’s why 90% of the pop live along the Nile in Eygpt
  • where there are poor quality souls eg on steep slopes in N Scotland few crops can be grown so less people live there
  • few people live in hot dessert areas bc soil dries out and turns to dust making it diff to grow crops and keep animals eg sahara dessert
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how does natural resources affect density

A
  • many people tend to live in areas where there are minerals and raw materials to extract and sell eg coal and Iron ore
  • natural landscapes with beautiful scenery attract tourists which creates job opps in hotels shops and restaurants so more people live in those areas
  • few people tend to live in areas lacking natural resources bc there will be little industry and this means fewer employment opportunities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does job opportunities affect density

A
  • jobs in diff industries in urban areas encourage people to move to find work eg Glasgow grew up bc of the growth of the ship building industry in the last century
  • cities such as London and Rio have high population densities as there are a wide variety of jobs compared to rural areas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how does transport and communications affect density

A
  • areas which are more accessible eg Central lowlands of Scotland tend to have higher population densities eg Glasgow and Edinburgh
  • places with good transport links attract people and industries which in turn creates employment opps so more people live there
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does services affect density

A

Towns and cities are crowded as people move to cities like Berlin London and New york for a variety of amenities and services eg education healthcare jobs and entertainment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does government aid affect density

A

industries locate where the government funding available as a result people move into these areas for work

population density in areas like syria is falling as people are living away bc of political unrest and prolonged war eg ukraine and afghanistan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does a population pyramid suggest

A

shows a structure or numbers of people in each age group within a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does a wide suggest in a population pyramid

A

a wide base means a high birth rate
a narrow base shows a low birth rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does a rapid tapering
economically active section show in a population pyramid

A

rapid tapering shows a high infant mortality

17
Q

What does a non rapid tapering economically active section show in a population pyramid

A

low death rate
low infant mortality rate
long life expectancy

18
Q

what does an apex mean in a population pyramids

A

wife apex - high percent of elderly people
( life expectancy is high )
narrow apex - high death rate and low life expectancy

19
Q

what does a census determine

A

learn details about people to be able to provide for their future needs eg health care eduction and pensions

20
Q

Why are birth rates low in developed countries such as Sweden

A
  • people have access to contraception and family planning and abortion is freely available
  • infant mortality rate are low so there is less pressure to have large families
  • more women work and have a career
  • women marry later than average age is 33
  • people don’t need children to look after them in old age
  • materialistic society
  • children are expensive
  • fewer labourers needed
21
Q

why do developed countries have low death rates

A
  • good medical care and antibiotics are freely available
  • improved food production means starvation and malnutrition are not a problem in developed world countries
  • safe clean water is provided and proper sanitation facilities are provided
  • pension schemes support the elderly such as care homes and care in the community is a available
  • no smoking policy
  • raising health awareness
  • new medical procedures such as screening for cancers help to reduce the death rate
  • exercise is encouraged
22
Q

effects of a slow population growth rate in developed countries

A

few young people
decreasing number of adults
many old people

  • less money spent on anti and post natal care maternity hospitals and care for babes and young children
  • less money spent spent on nurseries primary and secondary schools
    hospitals and schools close down so doctors teachers lose their jobs
  • shortage of workers
  • lack of skilled workers so industry will not be attracted
  • retraining will be a necessary part of careers
  • fewer workers paying taxes
  • more money spent on pensions as people live longer
  • more money spent on providing good health and care
  • more demands placed in adult children to care for elderly parents
  • greater demand for public transport
  • community life is full
  • fewer recruits for the army
23
Q

solutions to a slowly growing population in developed countries

A
  • paternity leave granted
  • maternity benifits for women improve
  • cheaper public transport
  • one year maternity leave
    -retirement age risen to increase tax payers
  • women encouraged to return to work to increase the number of tax payers
  • private pension schemes
  • companies are providing on site nursery’s
24
Q

developing countries eg India have rapidly growing populations bc

A
  • lack of access and knowledge or contraception and family planning
  • infant mortality rate are very high
  • children die young so parents have more families to ensure some survive
  • children are needed to work on farms
  • children need to look after their parents in old age
    -lack of education for women
  • girls marry young
  • traditional want boys over girls to carry on the fam name
  • ## having a large family gives you status in the villages
25
Q

developing countries have high death rates bc

A
  • little access to good medical care
  • little access to clean water and water disease spread easily
    • lack of access to anti and post natal care so women die in child birth
  • lack of welfare systems to care for people who are unemployed and sick
    poor farming techniques so little food and weak immune systems
  • poor housing
    poor sanitation’s
26
Q

effects of high population growth rate

A
  • farms become smaller with each generation
  • farmers farm intensively to feed population
  • more trees cut down for farmland and fuel
  • rural urban migration
  • housing shortages
  • overcrowding
    not enough jobs unemployment is high
  • strain on education system
  • hospitals are overcrowded
  • traffic congestion worsens
  • large recruits for army
27
Q

solutions to rapidly growing popular actions in developing countries

A
  • family planning clinics
  • opportunities for abortion
  • increased age of marriage
    • one child law
  • incentives given to limit fam size
  • education for women
  • green revolution to improve farming methods
  • GM crops so fewer workers are required to work
  • marginal land brought into production so taht kre crops can be grown

National Five Geography (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions