Post-Natal & Neonates

Question 1

onset of jaundice in the first 24 hours of life is always?

Answer 1

pathological

Question 2

why does physiological jaundice happen?

Answer 2

increased red cell breakdown and immaturity of the hepatic enzymes causes unconjugated hyperbiliribinaemia

Question 3

cause of plethora skin colour?

Answer 3

polycthaemia

Question 4

causes of jaundice in 1st 24 hours?

Answer 4

G6PD

TORCH - congenital infections

Question 5

causes of jaundice 2nd day to 3 weeks?

Answer 5

physiological
breast milk
sepsis

Question 6

causes of jaundice after 3rd week?

Answer 6

breast milk
hypothyroidism
pyloric stenosis

Question 7

treatment of jaundice?

Answer 7

underlying cause
hydrate
phototherapy
exchange transfusion

Question 8

why are babies vulnerable of hypothermia? (4)

Answer 8

evaporation
conduction
convection
radiation

Question 9

resuscitation of cold stress?

Answer 9

remove wet linens
warm towel/blankets
radiant warmer heater
heated/humidified oxygen

Question 10

how do trisomy 21 present?

Answer 10

floppy neonate
upslanting palpebral fissure
flat facial profile
large fontanelle
poor suck
cardiac murmur

Question 11

paediatric sepsis symptoms?

Answer 11

baby pyrexia or hypothermia
poor feeding
lethary or irritability
early jaundice
tachypnoea
hypo/hyperglycaemia
floppy
asymptomatic

Question 12

sepsis antibiotics?

Answer 12

IV penicillin and gentamicin

Question 13

commonest causes of neonatal sepsis? (3)

Answer 13

Group B Streptococcus
E.coli
Listeria

Question 14

most common cardiac diagnosis in blue baby?

Answer 14

Truncus Arteriosis
Transposition of the Great Arteries
Tricsupid Atresia
Tetralogy of fallot
TAPVD

Question 15

what is the term for ‘clicky hips’?

Answer 15

development dysplasia of the hip (DDH)

Question 16

what are the tests for DDH?

Answer 16

Barlow Test

Ortolani test

Question 17

what is the treatment for DDH?

Answer 17

relocate head of femur into acetabulum
Pavlik harness
Surgical reduction