Posterior Thigh Knee And Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
What are the muscles of the hamstrings?
Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
What are the two heads of the biceps femoris?
Long head (from ischial tuberosity to head of the fibula)
Short head (from posterior femur to head of the fibula)
What is the function of the hamstrings?
Hip extension (except for the short head of the biceps), knee flexion
Which structures do the hamstrings contribute to?
The borders of the popliteal fossa
What nerve innervates the hamstrings?
Sciatic nerve
What blood vessel supply the hamstrings?
Perforating arteries of the deep femoral artery
What are the three articulations of the knee joint?
M/L femoral with M/L tibial condyles
Patella with patellar groove of femur
Infrapatellar fat pad
What is the roomy synovial cavity that accommodates large range of motion?
Suprapatellar pouch
What causes patellofemoral pain syndrome?
Weak vastus medialis or tight IT band
What extracapsular ligaments stabilize the knee joint and limit excessive flexion/extension?
Medial and lateral collateral ligaments
What intracapsular ligaments stabilize the knee and limit anterior or posterior translation of tibia relative to femur?
Anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
What is the role of the menisci?
Cushion the knee and increase joint congruence of the femoral and tibial condylar surfaces
In full knee extension, what happens when the tibia is fixed?
The femur rotates medially to lock at full extension
In full knee extension, what happens when the femur is fixed?
The tibia rotates laterally to lock
What is the proximal attachment to the popliteus?
Lateral femoral condyle
