Powerpoints Networking Flashcards
Networking: Clients vs. Servers:
Clients request information; Servers provide information to other devices on the network.
Peer-to-Peer:
Computers for both server and client
End Devices vs. Intermediary Network Devices:
End Devices: Source or destination of a message.
Intermediary: Connects multiple individual networks to form an inter-network, connects individual end device; ensures data flows across the network; and provides connectivity
Topology:
Physical and logical
Intranet, Extranet, and Internet differences
Intranet - Company
Extranet - Suppliers, customers, collaborators
Internet - the world
Traditional Separate /Converging Network:
Traditional: Each network with its own set rules and regulations.
Converging: Delivers data, voice and video over the same network infratructure.
Four characteristics of architecture (reliable network):
Fault tolerance-redundant network, limits impact of a failure, multiple paths between source and destination
Scalability-expands quickly to support new users and applications without impacting performance
QOS (Quality of Service)-priorities importance of communications
Security
confidentiality=intended authorized recipients can access and receive data
integrity-info in the data hasnt been altered during transmission
availability-timely and reliable access to data
Network trends:
BYOB, Online Collaboration, Video Communication, Cloud Computing
Security Threats vs. Security Solutions:
Threats: Virus, worm, trojan horses, spyware and adware, zero day attacks (zero hour), hacker, denial of service, data intercept and theft
Solutions: Antivirus and spyware, dedicated firewall, access control lists (ACL’s), intrusion prevention systems (IPS), virtual private network (VPN)
Rules of Communication vs. Network Protocols and Standards (rules that govern communication)
Communication:
Rule Establishment - ID sender and receiver, common language and grammar, speed and timing of delivery, conformation or acknowledgement requirements.
Message Encoding: Process of converting information into another acceptable form. Message formatting and encapsulation, message size, message timing (access method, flow control, response timeout), message delivery options (unicast, multicast, broadcast),
Network Protocals and Standards:
How message is formatted and structured, networking devices share information about pathways with other networks, how and when errors and system messages are passed between devices, and setup and termination of data transfer sessions.
Protocol Interaction:
Application and network access work together.
Segmentation / Multiplexing:
Segmentation breaks communications into pieces.
Multiplexing interleaves the pieces.
Network Address / Data Link Addresses
Network: Source/destination IP address; delivers IP packet from original source to final destination, same network or remote network.
Data Link: Source/destination data link address; delivers from one NIC to another NIC on same network.
Physical / Layer:
Accepts complete frame from data link layer; encodes it as series of signals that are Tx onto the local media. Functions: physical component, encoding, signaling.
Data Transfer (bandwidth vs. throughput)
Bandwidth: capacity to a medium to carry data.
Throughput: measure of the transfer of bits across the media.
