Prescribing - fluids

Question 1

what fluid prescription should be given for emergency resuscitation?

(fluid, dose, rate)

Answer 1

sodium chloride 0.9%
500ml over 15 mins

Question 2

name 4 clinical signs that indicate fluid resuscitation is required?

Answer 2

hypotensive
tachycardic
reduced cap refill
other evidence of hypovolemia

Question 3

sodium content in NaCl 0.9% 1000ml?

Answer 3

150mmol

Question 4

Potassium content in KCl 0.3% 1000ml

Answer 4

40mmol

Question 5

Potassium content in KCl 0.15% 1000ml

Answer 5

20mmol

Question 6

glucose content in 5% 1000ml glucose? (in g)

Answer 6

50g

Question 7

what is the fastest rate at which K must be replaced?

Answer 7

10mmol/hr

Question 8

what is the minimum time required for KCl 0.3% (40mmol K+) and 0.15% can be replaced respectively ?

Answer 8

KCL 0.3% = 4 hours

KCl 0.15% = 2 hours

Question 9

fluid prescription for emergency hypokalaemia?

Answer 9

NaCl 0.9% / KCl 0.3% 1000ml over 4 hours

Question 10

what rate should maintancence fluids be replaced at?

Answer 10

30ml/kg/day

Question 11

IV fluid prescription for emergency hypoglycaemia?

Answer 11

20% glucose, 100ml over 15mins

Question 12

fluid prescription for emergency hypocalcemia?

Answer 12

Calcium gluconate 10% 10mL

Question 13

fluid prescription for emergency hypokalaemia ?

Answer 13

0.9% NaCl / 0.3%KCl 1000ml over 4 hours

Question 14

write a standard prescription for maintenance fluids in a 70kg women with normal electrolytes?

Answer 14

0.9%NaCl / 0.3% KCl 1000ml over 8-12 hours

Question 15

compare the rates at which maintenance only and maintenance and replacement fluids should be administered ?

Answer 15

maintenance only: 1000mls over 8-12 hours

maintenance and replacement: 1000mls over 4-6 hours