Procedures Flashcards
1
Q
- A pregnant woman comes to your office and wants to know if her cat has infected her with
Toxo while she was pregnant. How would you proceed? (take this into account http://www.fda.gov/
NewsEvents/newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm255922.htm)
a. Tell her to go to the vet and get her cat checked for Toxoplasma
b. Draw blood and determine if she has an antibody titer to Toxoplasma. If it’s >25000 then she is
infected with Toxo and there is a risk to the baby
c. it is important to distinguish previous exposure to toxoplasma compared to a current exposure/
infection. Standard test will not provide the difference.
d. About ⅓ of people have a positive titer for Toxo so it is impossible to determine if there is any danger
to her baby
A
c. it is important to distinguish previous exposure to toxoplasma compared to a current exposure/
infection. Standard test will not provide the difference.
2
Q
- A person comes into the office and has watery diarrhea. Due to the patient’s recent activities and
clinical signs you suspect the infection is caused by Giardia. What fecal examination method would
provide you with the best chance of determining the parasite?
A. ethyl acetate sedimentation
B. zinc sulfate flotation
C. magnesium sulfate float
D. All the above
A
B. zinc sulfate flotation
3
Q
- Blood work is run on a patient exhibiting some nausea and abdominal pain. The results can back
showing eosinophilia and low iron. Can this be an indicator of a worm infection. Explain why or why not.
a. No. Eosinophilia and low iron indicates the patient is infected with a virus, not worms
b. Yes. Eosinophilia means there are a low number of white blood cells due to the worms killing them off
c. Yes. Eosinophilia means there are a large number of white blood cells present, possibly fighting off
an infestation of worms.
d. No. Worm infections don’t cause low iron
e. Yes. Eosinophilia means there are traces of worm antibodies in the patient
A
c. Yes. Eosinophilia means there are a large number of white blood cells present, possibly fighting off
4
Q
- A pregnant woman comes to your office to see if she recently became infected with Toxoplasmosis
while she was pregnant. What laboratory experiments will be helpful in determining the exposure
during the pregnancy?
a. Test her pets for Toxoplasmosis by measuring their IgG and IgM level
b. Test her pets for Toxoplasmosis by measuring their IgG and IgA level
c. Test the pregnant woman for Toxoplasmosis by measuring her IgG and IgM level
d. Test the pregnant woman for Toxoplasmosis by measuring her IgG and IgA level
e. All of the above
A
c. Test the pregnant woman for Toxoplasmosis by measuring her IgG and IgM level
5
Q
- An elder lady who is in a mental institution has been having severe abdominal pain and diarrhea.
The patient’s nurse believes that she has been infected with the threadworm, Strongyloides stercoralis.
What tests could be done to identify or diagnose this parasite?
a. Zinc sulfate centrifugal flotation
b. Serological test, specifically ELISA
c. Identification of rhabditiform larvae in feces
d. A and C
e. B and C
f. All of the above
A
e. B and C
6
Q
6. The identification of the above, Schistosoma haematobium, egg is done by collecting a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ sample. a. feces b. urine c. blood d. saliva
A
b. urine
7
Q
- It is the middle of summer and a man, who has recently come back from a hiking trip in Arkansas,
comes into your office complaining of muscle pain, fever and headache. You tell him to get plenty of rest
and dismiss it as the common cold. A few days later he comes back with a rash and the same previous
symptoms. You believe the individual has Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever. What test(s) can you order to
help diagnose the patient. Pick all that apply
(http://www.cdc.gov/rmsf/symptoms/)
a. a platelet count
b. zinc sulfate flotation
c. urinalysis
d. gold standard serologic test
A
a. a platelet count
d. gold standard serologic test
8
Q
- A group of elementary school students experience constant itching in the perianal area. The
excessive scratching and infrequent bathing habits cause mucoid vaginal discharge in girls and urinary
tract infections in boys. Which of the following tests is/are not the test to confirm pinworm infection?
a. Cellophane technique
b. Detection of eggs or worms in anus
c. Detection of eggs or worms in the perianal area
d. Detection of eggs or worms in the urinary tract
e. None of the above
A
b. Detection of eggs or worms in anus
9
Q
- For possible infections of Wucheria, Brugia, or Loa Loa in a patient residing in Africa, these
samples should be collected for diagnosis during the ______.
a. Day and Night
b. Day, because Wucheria, Brugia and Loa Loa have diurnal periodicity
c. Night, because Wucheria, Brugia and Loa Loa have nocturnal periodicity
d. None of the above, it does not matter
A
a. Day and Night
10
Q
- A patient in West/Central Africa is experiencing conjunctival granulomata and it is
speculated that he or she is suffering from Loa Loa infection. What laboratory test or
circumstances cannot indicate that the patient is suffering from Loa Loa?
a. mango flies in the area
b. the patient’s exposure to muddy ponds and swamps
c. Visualizing ‘fugitive swellings’
d. Detect microfilariae in blood during nighttime.
e. Detect microfilariae in blood during daytime
f. None of the above
A
d. Detect microfilariae in blood during nighttime.
11
Q
- A patient has severe anemia and cravings to eat soil. It is speculated that the patient is
suffering from a hookworm infection. Laboratory test for hookworm infections is usually done
by visualizing the presence of hookworm eggs in feces. Which of the following information is
not obtained from this test?
a. egg wall thickness
b. shell shape
c. hookworm species
d. none of the above
A
c. hookworm species
12
Q
- After ingesting contaminated pork, a patient suffers from nausea, fever, profuse perspiration, facial
edema and secondary bacterial infection. What tests can be performed to diagnosis Trichinellosis?
a. Eosinophil level
b. Liver biopsy
c. Intradermal injection of larval suspension
d. All of the above
e. A and B
A
d. All of the above
13
Q
- After ingesting contaminated pork, a patient suffers from nausea and fever. What is to be expected
in early Trichinellosis? Pick the best answer.
a. Eosinophillia
b. Appearance of a wheal
c. Treated easily with Mebendazole
d. Negative laboratory results
f. All of the above
A
d. Negative laboratory results
14
Q
14.Severe swelling and intestine itching at sites transversed by infective filariform larvae indicate that
the patient is suffering from ground itch caused by threadworms. To diagnose a threadworm infection
(Strongyloides stercoralis), what are seen in feces during a laboratory test?
a. egg
b. rhabditiform larvae
c. filariform larva
*d. a and b
e. a and c
A
a. egg
b. rhabditiform larvae
15
Q
- Severe swelling and intestine itching at sites transversed by infective filariform larvae indicate that
the patient is suffering from ground itch caused by threadworms. To diagnose a threadworm infection
(Strongyloides stercoralis), what laboratory tests can be performed?
a. rhabditiform larvae in feces
b. eggs in feces
c. larvae in sputum
d. ELISA
e. All of the above
A
e. All of the above
16
Q
- Severe swelling and intestine itching at sites transversed by infective filariform larvae indicate that
the patient is suffering from ground itch caused by threadworms. What is the definitive diagnostic tool
for a threadworm infection (Strongyloides stercoralis)?
a. rhabditiform larvae in feces
b. eggs in feces
c. larvae in sputum
d. ELISA
e. All of the above
A
d. ELISA
17
Q
- A patient develops fever 10 to 14 days after a bug bite and this fever occurs every 36 to 72 hours
thereafter. These symptoms indicate a possible Plasmodium infection. What is the diagnostic method to
detect low levels of parasitemia? Pick the best answer.
a. Clinical presentation
b.Thin blood smear
c.Thick blood smear
d. Serological testing
e. PCR
A
c.Thick blood smear
18
Q
18. A patient experiences fever, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria after getting a bug bite in the United States. Which of the following laboratory test results or circumstances indicate that this is a Babesia infection, not Plasmodium infection? a. No hemozoin or Maurer’s cleft b. Ring stage exists c. Caused by mosquitos d. B and C e. All of the above
A
a. No hemozoin or Maurer’s cleft
19
Q
- Sammy lives on a pasture where grass is never ending. He recently went to a doctor’s appointment
and was told that he had an enlarged tender liver and profuse anemia. When the doctor asked him for
his tendencies, Sammy reported that he loves to eat watercress and chew on grass blades whenever
he’s doing chores in the fields. His doctor believes that he may be infected with Fasciola hepatica. What
test should the doctor perform for confirmation?
a. Fecal sedimentation
b. ELISA to determine presence of anti-parasite antibodies
c. Identifying eggs that are yellowish and operculate
d. A and C
e. A and B
f. All of the above
A
d. A and C
20
Q
- A patient, recently returned from a traveling expedition in South America, comes into your office
with symptoms associated with Giardiasis. In order to try and confirm if the parasite is present within
the patient, what clinical test would you then proceed to perform upon them from the options listed
45
below?
a. examine a stool sample for trophozoites
b. examine a stool sample for cysts
c. examine a blood sample during the day for cysts
d. examine a blood sample during the night for cysts
A
b. examine a stool sample for cysts
21
Q
- Isolde visits Japan for summer vacation and regularly consumes uncooked freshwater fish such
as salmon, perch, trout, and whitefish during her stay. A month after coming back from her trip, she
experiences abdominal discomfort, weakness and salt cravings. Her doctor suspects a possible Broadfish
tapeworm infection. What tests could be done to identify or diagnose this parasite?
a. Levels of Vitamin B12 and folate
b. Eggs in feces
c. Proglottids recovery
d. All of the above
e.None of the above
A
d. All of the above
