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Renal > Prostate > Flashcards

Prostate Flashcards

1
Q

BPH arises from which zone?

A

Transitional zone

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2
Q

Prostate cancer arises from which zone?

A

Peripheral zone

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3
Q

Family hx and prostate cancer risk?

A

Doubled risk if one first degree relative

Quadrupled risk if two first degree relatives

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4
Q

Other conditions, which might raise PSA?

A 
BPH
Prostatitis/UTIs
Retention
Catheterisation
DRE
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5
Q

Risks of transrectal USS guided biopsy

A

Sepsis (0.5% risk)
Rectal bleeding (0.5% risk)
Fainting
Haematospermia and haematuria for 2-3 weeks after

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6
Q

What type of cancer are prostate cancers?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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7
Q

Sources of tesosterone

A

Testis (90%)

Adrenal

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8
Q

Ix for bladder cancer?

A

Do cystoscopy

Excretory urography needed for diagnosis

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9
Q

Cancer of the renal pelvis

A

Transitional cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Cancer of the renal parenchyma

A

Renal cell carcinoma

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11
Q

Ix of renal tumours

A

US
CT - triple phase contrast enhanced!!!
MRI (tumour vs haemorrhage)

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12
Q

What does hounsfield <10 mean?

A

means it is fat

hounsfield is MRI measurement

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13
Q

What is hunderlichs syndrome?

A

Spontaneous non-traumatic haemorrhage confined to subcapsular and perirenal space

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14
Q

What does an oncocytoma look like on CT?

A

Central scar

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15
Q

What staging system is used for renal cell carcinoma?

A

Robson

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16
Q

Where does a renal cell cancer metastasise to?

A

Lungs, liver, bone, brain

17
Q

Difference between erythroplasia of Queyrat and Bowens disease of penis?

A

Erythroplasia of queyrat - affects glans, prepuce or shaft

Bowen’s disease - affects remainder of genitalia

18
Q

Treatment of sqaumous cell carcinoma of penis

A

Topical 5 fluorouracil

19
Q

Investigation of choice in suspected stones

A

CT pyelogram -non-contrast enhanced

20
Q

Treatment of overflow urinary incontinence

A

Catheterize and rehabilitate the bladder, teach intermittent self-catheterisation

Renal (3 decks)

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