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Cell And Molecular Biology > Protein Structure And Function Relationship > Flashcards

Protein Structure And Function Relationship Flashcards

1
Q

What are some functions of proteins?

A

Transcription and translation
Intracellular transport
Conversion of energy
Structural functions

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2
Q

What shape are globular proteins?

A

Globe-like

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3
Q

What shape are fibrous proteins?

A

Rod-like

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4
Q

What are the functions of globular proteins?

A

Enzymes
Antibodies
Transporters
Signalling proteins

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5
Q

What are the functions of fibrous proteins?

A

Structural

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6
Q

Give examples of fibrous proteins

A

Tropomyosin (muscle)
Myosin
Elastin
Fibroin
Keratin
Collagen

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7
Q

What determines the structure and function of proteins?

A

Their primary structure

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8
Q

What are the 3 special hydrophobic amino acids?

A

Glycine (local flexibility)
Cysteine (disulphide bonds)
Proline (helix breaker)

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9
Q

What are the 5 amino acids that are charged at physiological pH levels?
(And their codes)

A

Positive:
Lysine (Lys/K)
Arginine (Arg/R)
Histidine (His/H)

Negative:
Aspartic acid (Aspartic/D)
Glutamine acid (Glu/E)

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10
Q

What is keratin found in?

A

Feathers and beaks
Nails and claws
Turtle shells
Wool
Hedgehog spikes
Skin and hair

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11
Q

What bonds hold keratin helices together?

A

Strong covalent bonds (disulphide bonds)
Weak interactions (hydrophobic interactions,van der waals, ionic bonds)

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12
Q

How many residues per turn are there in a keratin alpha helix?

A

3.5

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13
Q

Which amino acid is found in the 4th position of a keratin heptad repeat?

A

Hydrophobic residues

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14
Q

What type of bonds/forces are involved in the formation of keratin fibrils?

A

Disulphide bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Ionic bonds

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15
Q

Where can collagen be found?

A

Bones and teeth
Muscles
Cornea, skin and connective tissue

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16
Q

What is the primary structure of collagen?

A

Repeating tripeptide pattern

17
Q

Where does glycine appear in the tripeptide pattern?

A

Every 3rd position

18
Q

What is the secondary structure of collagen?

A

Polyprolime type II helix

19
Q

What are the 2 types of important collagen

A

Type I and type IV

20
Q

How many residues per turn are there in a collagen polyproline type II helix?

A

3

21
Q

What types of bonds/ forces are involved in the formation of collagen?

A

Hydrogen bonds
Steric repulsion
Covalent cross links

Cell And Molecular Biology (7 decks)

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