Protein Synthesis

Question 1

Difference between DNA and RNA

Answer 1

DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose. DNA is double stranded. DNA is responsible for storing and transferring genetic information. Thymine

RNA contains the ribose sugar. RNA is single stranded. RNA directly codes for amino acids and as acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes to make proteins. Uracil

Question 2

Steps of protein synthesis

Answer 2

Step 1 Copy of one side of DNA strand is made (called mRNA, messenger RNA)
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Step 2 mRNA moves to cytoplasm, then ribosome
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Step 3 mRNA goes through ribosome 3 bases at a time
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Step 4 transfer RNA (tRNA) matches up with the open DNA bases
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Step 5 tRNA releases the amino acid at the top, which joins the chain of amino acids being produced

Question 3

Messenger RNA

Answer 3

the form of RNA in which genetic information transcribed from DNA as a sequence of bases is transferred to a ribosome.

Question 4

Transfer RNA

Answer 4

RNA consisting of folded molecules that transport amino acids from the cytoplasm of a cell to a ribosome.

Question 5

Transcription

Answer 5

transcription occurs in the nucleus

Question 6

Translation

Answer 6

translation occurs in the cytoplasm