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Psychology > Psych units 3&4 > Flashcards

Psych units 3&4 Flashcards

1
Q

RM: ED: Independent groups

A

Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for either the experimental or control group.
+cheap
+large number of participants can be sampled.
+no pre-testing
+no order effects
-sample may not represent population
-participant differences

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2
Q

RM: ED: Matched-participants

A

After pre-testing, those with similar characteristics are paired together and one member of each pair is assigned to the experimental group and the other to the control.
+EV’s due to participant characteristics eliminated
-time consuming
-costly

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3
Q

RM: ED: Repeated-measures

A

The same group of participants is subjected to both the control and experimental conditions.
+EV’s due to participant characteristics eliminated
+smaller sample size
-order effects

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4
Q

RM: S: Random sampling

A

Every participant has an equal opportunity of being selected.
+More likely to be representative of the population
-difficult to achieve
-large number of participants required

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5
Q

RM: S: Stratified Random Sampling

A

A technique where the population is divided into groups or strata first and then the participants are randomly selected from each of these groups/strata (e.g. gender, age)
+Likely the sample will be more representative and in the correct proportions.
-time consuming
-costly

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6
Q

RM: S: Convenience Sampling

A

selection of participants because they are readily available to the researcher
+quick
+inexpensive
-may not be representative of population.

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7
Q

RM: Control group

A

the group that is not exposed to the IV. exists to provide basis for comparison.

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8
Q

RM: Experimental group

A

The group that is exposed to the IV.

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9
Q

RM: Descriptive Statistics

A

Mathematical calculations that describe, organise and summarise the data.
-measures of central tendency: mean, median and mode
-measures of variance: describe the spread of scores from the mean eg range and standard deviation
-presentation of data: graphs, tables, percentages
NO CONCLUSION CAN BE DRAWN FROM DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

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10
Q

RM: Inferential statistics

A
  • conclusions: hypothesis is supported or refuted
  • generalisations
  • statistical significance: a term used to indicate whether the difference in results is due to the IV and not just chance.
  • P values: p<0.05 means less than 5 in 100 chance of something occurring to chance OR 95% chance due to IV. p>0.05= not statistically significant.
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11
Q

RM: Reliability

A

refers to the extent to which the results obtained from a research study are consistent, dependable and stable. this means that each time a behaviour or event is measured under the same conditions, the procedures used should produce very similar results at the least.

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12
Q

RM: Validity

A

refers to the extent to which the procedures used for a research study measure what the research intended to measure. Basically, the research design and the specific procedures used should match the requirements of the investigation produce results that are relevant to the aims of the research.

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13
Q

U3: AOS1: Communication within a neuron

A

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14
Q

U3: AOS1: The role of neurotransmitters

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15
Q

U3: AOS1: Lock and Key

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16
Q

U3: AOS1: Excitatory neurotransmitters

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17
Q

U3: AOS1: Inhibitory neurotransmitters

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18
Q

U3: AOS1: Parkinsons

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19
Q

U3: AOS1: Neurotransmitter Dysfunction

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20
Q

U3: AOS1: Nervous system divisions

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21
Q

U3: AOS1: Unconscious vs conscious response

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22
Q

U3: AOS1: sources of stress

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23
Q

U3: AOS1: GAS model

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24
Q

U3: AOS1: Fight, Flight, Freeze

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25
Q

U3: AOS1: Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of stress and coping

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26
Q

U3: AOS1: Context- specific effectiveness

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27
Q

U3: AOS1: Coping flexibility

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28
Q

U3: AOS1: Strategies for coping with stress

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29
Q

U3: AOS1:

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30
Q

U3: AOS2: LTP

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31
Q

U3: AOS2: LTD

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32
Q

U3: AOS2: The role of neurotransmitters and nuerohormones in learning and memory

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33
Q

U3: AOS2: role of glutamate in synaptic plasticity

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34
Q

U3: AOS2: role of adrenaline in consolidation of emotionally arousing experiences

A

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35
Q

U3: AOS2: Classical conditioning

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36
Q

U3: AOS2: Operant conditioning

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37
Q

U3: AOS2: Observational learning

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38
Q

U3: AOS2: Little Albert experiment

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39
Q

U3: AOS2: Atkinson-Shiffrin multi store model of memory

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40
Q

U3: AOS2: hippocampus

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41
Q

U3: AOS2: cerebral cortex

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42
Q

U3: AOS2: amygdala

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43
Q

U3: AOS2: cerebellum

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44
Q

U3: AOS2: methods to retrieve memory (4R’s)

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45
Q

U3: AOS2: Effects of brain trauma- brain surgery

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46
Q

U3: AOS2: Effects of brain trauma- neurodegenerative diseases

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47
Q

U3: AOS2: Effects of brain trauma- anterograde amnesia

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48
Q

U3: AOS2: Effects of brain trauma-alzheimers

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49
Q

U3: AOS2: Context and state dependent cues

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50
Q

U3: AOS2: maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal

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51
Q

U3: AOS2: serial position effect

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52
Q

U3: AOS2: fallibility of memory (leading questions)

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53
Q

U4: AOS1: consciousness

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54
Q

U4: AOS1: nwc vs asc

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55
Q

U4: AOS1: measurement of physiological responses that indicate different states of consciousness

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56
Q

U4: AOS1: LCCAPEST

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57
Q

U4: AOS1: brain waves

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58
Q

U4: AOS1: affects of drugs (brainwaves)

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59
Q

U4: AOS1: partial sleep deprivation (consciousness)

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60
Q

U4: AOS1: total sleep deprivation (consciousness)

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61
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep stages

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62
Q

U4: AOS1: purpose of sleep theories

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63
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan- infants

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64
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan- children

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65
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan- adolescents

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66
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan- adults

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67
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan- elderly

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68
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep across the lifespan

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69
Q

U4: AOS1: circadian phase disorders (adolescence, jet-lag and shift work)

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70
Q

U4: AOS1: partial sleep deprivation (affect on a person’s affective (amplified emotional responses), behavioural and cognitive functioning)

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71
Q

U4: AOS1: total sleep deprivation (affect on a person’s affective (amplified emotional responses), behavioural and cognitive functioning)

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72
Q

U4: AOS1: distinction between dyssomnias (sleep-onset insomnia) and parassomnias (sleep walking)

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73
Q

U4: AOS1: sleep interventions (CBT- insomnias), (bright light therapy- circadian phase disorders)

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74
Q

U4: AOS2: Mental health continuum

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75
Q

U4: AOS2: characteristics of a mentally healthy person

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76
Q

U4: AOS2: ethical implications in mental health studies

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77
Q

U4: AOS2: predisposing factors for mental health

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78
Q

U4: AOS2: precipitating factors for mental health

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79
Q

U4: AOS2: perpetuating factors for mental health

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80
Q

U4: AOS2: protective factors for mental health

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81
Q

U4: AOS2: cumulative risk

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82
Q

U4: AOS2: distinctions between stress, phobia and anxiety

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83
Q

U4: AOS2: predisposing factors for phobia

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84
Q

U4: AOS2: precipitating factors for phobia

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85
Q

U4: AOS2: perpetuating factors for phobia

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86
Q

U4: AOS2: protective factors for phobia

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87
Q

U4: AOS2: interventions for specific phobia

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88
Q

U4: AOS2: transtheoretical model

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89
Q

IV & DV

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Psychology (3 decks)

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