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Therapeutics > Psychedelics/Cannabis > Flashcards

Psychedelics/Cannabis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 dissociative psychedelics?

A

phencyclidine (PCP)
ketamine
muscimol

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1
Q

Classical psychedelics are derivatives of __________________ and _______________

A

phenethylamine
tryptamine

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2
Q

What are 3 naturally occurring classical psychedelic drugs?

A

DMT
5-MeODMT (5x greater than DMT)
Psilocybin

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3
Q

Mescaline combines the MOA of which two illicit drugs?

A

LSD
MDMA

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4
Q

Most classical psychedelics are agonists of which receptor?

A

5-HT2a

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5
Q

Short-term adverse physiologic effects of psychedelic drug use

A
  1. tachycardia
  2. HTN
  3. Tremors
  4. Dry mouth
  5. Nausea
  6. Hyperthermia
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6
Q

Potential therapeutic uses of psychedelics

A
  1. cancer-related psychological distress
  2. PTSD
  3. Depression (treatment resistant)
  4. Substance use disorder (alcohol)
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7
Q

Shortcomings of psychedelic drug clinical trials

A
  1. small sample size
  2. Lack of or inadequate controls
  3. Selection bias
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8
Q

T/F: Tolerance to psychedelic drugs develops rapidly

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Dissociative psychedelics MOA

A

NMDA antagonists

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10
Q

Which enantiomer of ketamine is more active?

A

S(+)

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11
Q

How quickly does ketamine work?

A

10-60min - fast and short acting

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12
Q

What was esketamine recently FDA-approved for?

A

Treatment resistant depression

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13
Q

DXM dose for cough suppresion:
vs
DXM dose to induce high:

A

cough: <60mg
high: 100-600mg

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14
Q

Phencyclidine (PCP) is _____ potent than ketamine

A

MORE

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15
Q

PCP MOA

A

NMDA antagonist
D2 agonist

16
Q

Muscimol MOA

A

GABAa agonist

17
Q

What is the greatest risk with use of alkyl nitrites, or “poppers”?

A

Methemoglobinemia

18
Q

Examples of volatile solvents (4)

A

Toluene (glues, spray paints)
Acetone (nail polish remover)
Benzene (cleaning fluids)
Butane (cigarette lighters, hairsprays)

19
Q

Hallucination vs illusion

A

Hallucination = false perception arising from internal stimuli / false reality

Illusion = misperception of external stimuli / distorted reality

20
Q

THC is a _____ agonist at CB1 receptor, while synthetic cannabinoids are ______ agonists

A

THC = partial
synthetic = full

21
Q

Is CB1 expression higher in the brain or periphery?

A

Brain

22
Q

Is CB2 expression higher in the brain or periphery?

A

Periphery

23
Q

What are marinol (Dronabinol) and nabilone (Cesamet) used for?

A

Anti-emetic, usually from cancer drugs

24
Q

What is the most common reported use of CBD?

A

Pain

25
Q

CBD is FDA-approved for what?

A

Seizure disorders (Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome)

26
Q

What are two risk factors/key determinants that may lead to psychosis followed by cannabis use?

A

Age of use onset
Potency of cannabinoid

27
Q

What are four treatment options for cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome?

A
  1. Cannabis cessation
  2. Benzodiazepines
  3. Haloperidol
  4. Capsaicin cream on abdomen
28
Q

Two phenethylamine derivatives

A

Mescaline
MDMA

29
Q

Two tryptamine derivatives

A

DMT
LSD

Therapeutics (18 decks)

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