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First Aid, 2014 > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Coprolalai

A

involuntary obscene speech - tourette’s subset

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2
Q

Coprolalai

A

involuntary obscene speech - tourette’s subset

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3
Q

Rett Disorder

A

x-linked, see mainly in females because the males die, ages 1-4, loss of dvlp, verbal abilities, intellectual disability, ataxia, stereotyped hand-wringing

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4
Q

anxiety neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in norepi, decrease in GABA and 5-HT

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5
Q

depression neurotransmitter changes

A

decrease in norepi, 5-HT, and dopamine

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6
Q

parkinsons neurotransmitter changes

A

decrease in dopamine, increase in ACh and 5-HT

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7
Q

schizophrenia neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in dopamine

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8
Q

Huntington’s neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in dopamine, decrease in Ach and GABA

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9
Q

orientation - order of loss

A

time, place, person

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10
Q

korsakoff amnesia

A

anterograde amnesia, thiamine (B1) deficiency, alcoholics, mammillary body hemorrhage, confabulations, some retrograde amnesia (maybe)

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11
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

cannot remember personal information; Jason Bourne

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12
Q

dissociative fugue

A

abrupt travel/wandering during dissociative amnesia - associated with trauma/stress; Jason Bourne

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13
Q

most common presentation of altered mental status in an inpatient setting

A

delirium (usually secondary to other causes) n

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14
Q

delirium

A

“waxing and waning” level of conciousness, changes in sensorium, check for drugs with Ach effects, often reversible, abnormal EEG

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15
Q

dementia

A

characteristic memory loss, can be pseudodementia (depression) in elderly, EEG normal

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16
Q

reversible causes of dementia

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, neurosyphilis, HIV

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17
Q

abnormal EEG - dementia or delirium

A

delirium

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18
Q

three types of psychosis

A

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech

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19
Q

olfactory hallucinations occur as

A

an aura of psychomotor epilepsy and in brain tumors

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20
Q

tactile hallucinations

A

seen in alcohol withdrawal and cocaine abusers (‘crawlies’)

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21
Q

hypnopompic hallucinations

A

occur when you are waking up

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22
Q

hypnopompic hallucinations

A

occur when you are waking up

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23
Q

Rett Disorder

A

x-linked, see mainly in females because the males die, ages 1-4, loss of dvlp, verbal abilities, intellectual disability, ataxia, stereotyped hand-wringing

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24
Q

anxiety neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in norepi, decrease in GABA and 5-HT

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25
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

at least 2 weeks of a stable mood with psychotic symptoms plus a major depressive, manic or mixed episode

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26
Q

parkinsons neurotransmitter changes

A

decrease in dopamine, increase in ACh and 5-HT

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27
Q

schizophrenia neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in dopamine

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28
Q

Huntington’s neurotransmitter changes

A

increase in dopamine, decrease in Ach and GABA

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29
Q

orientation - order of loss

A

time, place, person

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30
Q

korsakoff amnesia

A

anterograde amnesia, thiamine (B1) deficiency, alcoholics, mammillary body hemorrhage, confabulations, some retrograde amnesia (maybe)

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31
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

cannot remember personal information; Jason Bourne

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32
Q

dissociative fugue

A

abrupt travel/wandering during dissociative amnesia - associated with trauma/stress; Jason Bourne

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33
Q

most common presentation of altered mental status in an inpatient setting

A

delirium (usually secondary to other causes) n

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34
Q

delirium

A

“waxing and waning” level of conciousness, changes in sensorium, check for drugs with Ach effects, often reversible, abnormal EEG

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2
3
4
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35
Q

dementia

A

characteristic memory loss, can be pseudodementia (depression) in elderly, EEG normal

36
Q

reversible causes of dementia

A

normal pressure hydrocephalus, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypothyroidism, neurosyphilis, HIV

37
Q

abnormal EEG - dementia or delirium

A

delirium

38
Q

three types of psychosis

A

hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech

39
Q

olfactory hallucinations occur as

A

an aura of psychomotor epilepsy and in brain tumors

40
Q

tactile hallucinations

A

seen in alcohol withdrawal and cocaine abusers (‘crawlies’)

41
Q

hypnagogic hallucinations

A

occur when you are going to sleep

42
Q

hypnopompic hallucinations

A

occur when you are waking up

43
Q

schizophrenia criteria

A

periods of psychosis, disturbed behavior and thought, and decline in functioning that lasts >6 months, decreased dendritic branching, increased dopamine; requires two or more of the following symptoms - delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, catatonic behavior, “negative symptoms”, genetics and environment

44
Q

brief psychotic disorder

A

<1 month, stress related

45
Q

schizophreniform disorder

A

1-6 months

46
Q

schizoaffective disorder

A

at least 2 weeks of a stable mood with psychotic symptoms plus a major depressive, manic or mixed episode

47
Q

how long does it have to last to be considered a delusional disorder

A

> 1 month

48
Q

dissociative identity disorder

A

multiple personality disorder, more common in women, associated with hx of sexual abuse, PTSD, depression, substance abuse, borderline personality and somatoform conditions

49
Q

manic episode criteria

A

lasts at least 1 week; abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood. Requires at least 3 of DIG FAST: Distractibility, Irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of Ideas, goal directed Activity/Agitation, Talkativeness (pressured speech)

50
Q

hypomanic episode lasts

A

at least 4 consecutive days

51
Q

bipolar I

A

1 manic episode w/ or w/o a hypomanic/depressive episode

52
Q

bipolar II

A

hypomanic or depressive episode

53
Q

use of antidepressants can have what effect on mania

A

lead to an increase in mania

54
Q

treatment for bipolar disorder

A

lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics

55
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

dysthymia and hypomania - mild form of bipolar disorder LASTING AT LEAST 2 YEARS

56
Q

major depressive disorder

A

lasts 6-12 months, 5 out of 9 symptoms lasting for 2+ weeks - SIGECAPS (Sleep disturbance, loss of Interest, Guilt or feelings of worthlessness, Energy loss, Concentration problems, Appetite, Psychomotor retardation/agitation)

57
Q

persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

A

depression, often milder, lasting at least 2 years

58
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A

usually winter, tx with full-spectrum bright light exposure

59
Q

sleep changes found in patients with depression

A

decrease in slow wave sleep and REM latency, increase in REM early in sleep cycle and total REM sleep, repeated nighttime awakenings, and early morning awakenings

60
Q

atypical depression

A

characterized by mood reactivity, ‘reversed’ vegetative symptoms, leaden paralysis, and long standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity

61
Q

tx for atypical depression

A

SSRIs and MAO inhibitors

62
Q

onset of postpartum mood disturbances

A

is within 4 weeks of delivery

63
Q

maternal postpartum “blues” usually

A

resolves within 10 days (starts 2-3 days after delivery)

64
Q

postpartum depression usually lasts

A

2 weeks to a year or more; tx: antidepressants, psychotherapy

65
Q

postpartum psychosis

A

lasts up to 4-6 weeks, low incidence, characterized by delusion, hallucinations, possible suicidal behavior, etc. tx: antidepressants/antipsychotics/inpatient hospitalization/assessment of child safety

66
Q

pathologic grief

A

grief lasting more than 12 months, grief that is delayed/inhibited/denied

67
Q

electroconvulsive therapy

A

relatively painless seizure in an anesthetized patient, tx for refractory depressive disorder and major depressive disorder in pregnant women

68
Q

risk factors for suicide

A

SAD PERSONS (Sex, Age, Depression, Previous attempt, Ethanol/drug use, Rational thinking loss, Sickness, Organized plan, No spouse, Social support lack

69
Q

suicide gender determinations

A

women try more often, men succeed more often

70
Q

Panic disorder

A

1+ months of 1+ of: concern of additional attacks, worrying about consequences of an attack, change in behavior related to attacks; strong genetic component

71
Q

panic disorder symptoms

A

are the system manifestations of fear

72
Q

panic attack

A

intense fear/discomfort for 10+ minutes with 4+: Palpitations, Paresthesias, Abdominal distress, Nausea, Intense fear of dying/losing control, lightheadedness, chest pain, chills, choking, disconnectedness, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath

73
Q

panic disorder treatment

A

cognitive behavioral therapy, SSRIs, venlafaxine, benzos

74
Q

agoraphobia

A

exaggerated fear of open spaces/enclosed places, using public transpo, being in lines/crowds, leaving home alone

75
Q

adjustment disorder

A

<6 months, emotional impairment after an identifiable psychological stressor

76
Q

GAD

A

uncontrollable anxiety for 6+ months, unrelated to a specific event

77
Q

OCD is associated with what disorder

A

Tourettes

78
Q

body dysmorphic disorder

A

preoccupation with minor or imagined defect in appearance, leading to significant emotional distress or impaired functioning; seeking cosmetic surgery

79
Q

PTSD

A

rexperiencing previous traumatice event, >1 month, onset anytime after event

80
Q

acute stress disorder

A

lasts between 3 days and 1 month

81
Q

malingering

A

lauren fleetwood

82
Q

factitous

A

for primary gain - psychological

83
Q

Munchausen syndrome

A

chronic factitious disorder with predominately physical signs and symptoms, multiple hospital admissions, willingness to receive invasive procedures (by proxy - caregiver role, child/elder abuse)

84
Q

‘la belle indifference’

A

patient is aware but sometimes indifferent towards symptoms

85
Q

conversion disorder

A

loss of sensory or motor function following an acute stressor; aware but sometimes indifferent towards symptoms; most common in ya, adolescents, women

86
Q

illness anxiety disorder

A

hypochondriasis: preoccupation with having a serious relationship despite medical evaluation and reassurance

87
Q

personality disorder clusters

A

A: weird, B: wild, C: wacky

First Aid, 2014 (1 decks)

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