Psychopathology Flashcards
Statistical Infrequency
Occurs when an individual has a less common characteristic, for example being more depressed or less intelligent than most of the population
Deviation from social norms
Concerns behaviour that is different from the accepted standards in behaviour in a community or society
Failure to function adequately
Occurs when someone is unable to cope with ordinary demands of day-to-day living
Deviation from ideal mental health
Occurs when someone does not meet a set of ideal criteria for good mental health
Phobia
An irrational fear of an object or a situation
Depression
A mental disorder characterised by low mood and energy levels
OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder)
A condition characterised by obsessions and/or compulsive behaviour
Systematic Desensitisation
A behavioural therapy designed to reduce an unwanted response, such as anxiety, to a stimulus.
SD involves the patient working through a hierarchy of phobic situations while maintaining relaxation.
Flooding
A behavioural therapy in which a phobic patient is exposed to an extreme form of a phobic stimulus in order to reduce anxiety triggered by that stimulus. This takes place over a small number of long therapy sessions.
Negative triad
Beck proposed that there were three kinds of negative thinking that make a person more susceptible to depression- negative thoughts of the world, future and self.
ABC model
Ellis proposed that depression occurs when an activating event (A) triggers an irrational belief (B) which in turn produces a consequence (C) i.e an emotional response like depression.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT)
A method for treating mental disorders based on cognitive & behavioural techniques e.g dealing with thinking like challenging negative thoughts & behavioural techniques like behavioural activation.
Irrational Thoughts (aka Dysfunctional Thoughts)
Thoughts that are likely to interfere with a persons happiness. These can lead to mental disorders such as depression.
