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PTSD Flashcards

1
Q

 what is trauma

A

Extremely distressing experience that causes severe emotional shock, and may have long lasting psychological effects

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2
Q

What is PTSD?

A

A reaction to an extreme trauma, which is likely to cause persuasive distress to almost anyone, such as natural or man-made disasters, combat serious accident, witnessing the violent death of others, being the victim of torture, terrorism, rape, or other crimes

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3
Q

How does PTSD differ from distressing experiences

A

These symptoms are not related to common experiences, such as uncomplicated, bereavement, marital conflict, or chronic illness, but are associated with events that would be marketing distressing for anyone

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4
Q

What is acute stress disorder

A

Similar to PTSD in terms of precipitating, traumatic events and symptomology
Symptoms or time, limited up to one month following the trauma
If symptoms last longer than one month, it is diagnosed PTSD

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5
Q

When do PTSD symptoms occur?

A

Maybe begin within the first three months after the trauma may be a delay of several months or even years

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6
Q

What are characteristic symptoms in PTSD?

A

Reexperiencing the traumatic event
Sustained high level of anxiety or arousal
General numbing of responsiveness
Intrusive recollection, or nightmares of event unable to remember certain aspects of trauma amnesia
Depression
Survivors guilt
Substance abuse
anger and aggression
Relationship problems


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7
Q

 what is the psychosocial theory of trauma related disorders?

A

Six to explain why some individuals exposed to massive trauma develop PTSD, while others do not

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8
Q

What are the variables included in the psychosocial theory of why some people develop PTSD while others do not

A

The traumatic experience
The individual
The recovery environment

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9
Q

What is the learning theory of trauma related disorders?

A

Negative reinforcement leads to the reduction of adverse experience, thereby reinforcing, and resulting in repetition of the behavior
Avoidance behaviors
Psych numbing

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10
Q

What is the cognitive theory of trauma related disorders?

A

Models consider the cognitive appraisal of an event and focus on the world assumption an individual makes

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11
Q

What are the three fundamental beliefs people construct within personal theory of reality

A

The world is benevolent and source of joy
The world is meaningful and controllable
The self is worth

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12
Q

What is trauma informed care

A

Realizing the Widespread impact of trauma, and various paths for recovery
Recognizing the signs and symptoms of trauma
Response by fully integrating knowledge about trauma and policies, procedures, and practice
Seeks to actively resist traumatization

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13
Q

What are some nursing diagnosis for trauma related disorders?

A

Post trauma syndrome
Complicated  grieving

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14
Q

What are some outcome criteria for PTSD?

A

Can acknowledge the traumatic event in the impact it has on life
Experiencing fewer flashbacks intrusive, recollections and nightmares
Has adaptive coping strategies
No ideas of self harm 

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15
Q

What is some nursing care for a client with trauma related disorder?

A

Reassurance of safety
Decreasing maladaptive symptoms
Demonstration of more adaptive coping strategies
Adaptive progression through grieving process

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16
Q

What is post trauma syndrome?

A

Sustained male adaptive response to a traumatic overwhelming event

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17
Q

What is complicated grieving?

A

A disorder that occurs after death of a significant other, in which the experience of distress accompanying bereavement fails to follow, normative expectations and manifestations in functional impairments

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18
Q

What is an adjustment disorder characterized by?

A

Maladaptive reaction to identifiable, stressor or stressors that result in the development of clinical significant emotional or behavioral symptoms
Occurs within three months of the stressor, and less no longer than six months after the stressor has ended

19
Q

 what is adjustment disorder with depressed mood

A

Most commonly diagnosed
Symptoms such as depressed mood, tearfulness feelings of hopelessness exceeded what an expected of normative response to identified stressor

20
Q

What is adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood

A

Disturbances in mood(depression, feelings of hopelessness and sadness) manifestations of an anxiety that are more intense than what would be expected or considered to be normative response to an identified stressor

21
Q

What is adjustment disorder with anxiety?

A

Category, denotes male adaptive response to a stressor in which the predominant manifestation is anxiety. The clinician must differentiate this diagnosis from those of anxiety disorder.

22
Q

What is adjustment disorder with the disturbance of conduct?

A

Characterized by conduct in which there is a violation of the rights of others of major age, appropriate societal, norms, and rules
Examples, vandalism, reckless, driving fighting
Differential diagnosis must be made from conduct disorder or antisocial personality disorder, both which are longer duration

23
Q

What is adjustment disorder with mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct?

A

Predominant features of this category
Emotional disturbances, anxiety, or depression
Disturbances of conduct in which there is a violation of the rights of others or major age, appropriate societal, norms, and rules

24
Q

What is adjustment disorder unspecified

A

Subtype is used when the maladaptive reaction is not consistent with any other categories
Individual may have physical complaints withdrawal from relationships or exhibit, impaired work, or academic performance, but without significant disturbance, in emotion or conduct

25
Q

What are some psychosocial theories predisposing to adjustment disorders?

A

Childhood trauma, dependency, arrested development
Constitutional factor
Development stages, and timing of stress
Available support system
Dysfunctional grieving process

26
Q

What is the transactional model of stress adaptation

A

It takes in consideration the interaction between the individual and environment
The type of stressor, that one experiences
Sudden shock stressors occur without warning continuous stressors are those that an individual is exposed to over an expended period of time situational factors
Interpersonal factors such as coping and social skills

27
Q

What are some nursing interventions for adjustment disorder?

A

Adaptive, progression through grief process
Achieve acceptable change in health status
Assisting with strategies to maintain anxiety, manageable

28
Q

What is risk prone health behavior?

A

Impaired ability to modify lifestyle behaviors in a manner that improves health status

29
Q

How is cognitive therapy helpful in trauma or stressor related disorders

A

Cognitive therapy for PTSD and ASD strives to help the individual recognize and modify, trauma related thoughts and beliefs
Learns to modify relationship between thoughts and feelings, and identify the challenge in accurate or true automatic negative thoughts
Replace negative thoughts with more accurate less distressing thoughts

30
Q

What is stress inoculation therapy?

A

Type of cognitive behavioral therapy that focuses on learning new ways of coping with stressful events through education and practicing alternative responses like me, meditation, deep breathing, and relaxation exercise

31
Q

What is prolonged exposure therapy

A

Behavioral therapy similar to implosion therapy or flooding
Conducted in imagined or real situation

32
Q

What are the four main parts of prolonged exposure therapy

A

Education about the treatment
Breathing retraining for relaxation
Imagined exposure through repeated discussion about the trauma with the therapist
Exposed to real world situation related to the trauma 

33
Q

Why is group therapy? Good for a patient with PTSD?

A

Share their experiences with empathetic fellow veterans
Talk about problems and social adaptation
Discuss options for managing aggression towards others

34
Q

What is EMDR eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

A

Psychotherapy approach that emphasizes brains, information processing system and memories of just disturbing experiences at the basis of pathology

35
Q

How long does EMDR take to achieve lasting treatment effects?

A

5 to 12 sessions

36
Q

What are the eight phases of EMDR?

A

History and treatment planning
Preparation
Assessment
Desensitization
Installation
Body scan
Closure
Reevaluation

37
Q

What is the first line treatment for PTSD because of their efficiency, tolerability and safety ratings?

A

SSRI
Paroxetine and sertraline
Occasionally fluoxetine, although not FDA approved

38
Q

What has been prescribed for PTSD patients for anti-depressant and anti-panic effects

A

Alprazolam
Benzodiazepines
Buspirone for anxiety, 

39
Q

What is the most common treatment for adjustment disorder?

A

Individual psychotherapy which allows patients to examine the stressor. That’s causing the problem, possibly assigned personal meaning to the stressor and confront unresolved issues.

40
Q

Two months ago, Miss, he was sexually assaulted while jogging. She is hospitalized for suicidal ideation. At this time she awakens in the middle of the night screaming about having nightmares of the incident which of the following is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention.
Call the doctor and report the incident
Stay with Miss T until anxiety has subsided
Administer PRN alprazolam
Allow her some privacy to work through the emotions

A

Stay with Miss until anxiety has subsided

41
Q

Which of the following medication is considered to be a first line medication of choice in the treatment of PTSD
Alprazolam
Propranolol
Carbamazepine
Paroxetine

A

Paroxetine

42
Q

The higher score is the higher you have a vulnerability of what

A

Smoking
Anxiety
Depression
Homelessness
Abuse
Substance abuse
Death

43
Q

How does one get a high ace score? 

A

If your parents were divorced
If you were abused
If you witnessed abuse or violence or a victim of it
if your parents swearing at you
If you felt unloved or thought of a special
If you didn’t have enough to eat dirty clothes and no one protected you
Parents were alcoholics or drug users
Household member was depressed or mentally ill, or commit suicide
House member went to prison

Psych (13 decks)

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