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Pulmonary Pathophysiology > Pulmonary path details > Flashcards

Pulmonary path details Flashcards

1
Q

Adenocarcinoma mutation in Smokers + NONsmokers?

A 
KRAS= smokers
EGFR= nonsmokers
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2
Q

EML4-ALK mutation?

A

Never smoker w. adenocarcinoma

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3
Q

HER2 mutation and lung cancer?

A

Never smoker w. adenocarcinoma

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4
Q

Method for determining EGFR positivity?

A

DNA sequencing

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5
Q

FISH analysis is used to find?

A

ALK gene rearrangements

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6
Q

Cancer is lobulated + sub pleural + infiltrating pleural?

A

Adenocarcimoa

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7
Q

5 most common symptoms of cancer?

A 
Cough
weight loss
dyspnea 
hemoptysis 
chest pain
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8
Q

Evolves from Type II pneuumacytes and Clara cells w/ EGFR mutation? (smokers)

A

non-mucinous Adenocarcinoma in situ

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9
Q

Derived from bronchiolar epithelium (goblet cells) and presents as pneumonia like consolidation w/ KRAS mutation in non-smokers?

A

mucinous Adenocarcinoma in situ

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10
Q

CK20+ KRAS + ?

A

adenocarcinoma in situ (mucinous type)

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11
Q

EGFR+ TTF1+ ?

A

AIS non-mucinous type

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12
Q

What consequences are Squamous cell carcinomas associated w/?

A 
Post-obstructive pneumonia 
Abscess
bronchiectasis 
mucus plugging 
atelectasis
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13
Q

immuno histochemistry shows:
p40+
p63+
CK 5/6+

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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14
Q

CK7+

TTF1+

A

primary lung adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Mutations RASSF1 + RB1 + Telomerase?

A

SCLC

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16
Q

Synaptophysin+

chromogranin +

A

SCLC

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17
Q

TOP 7 cancers that metastasize to LUNG?

A 
Breast
Colon 
Stomach
pancrease
kidney
skin 
prostate
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18
Q

Lung Cancer CDX2 and CK20 positive?

A

Metastatic colon cancer

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19
Q

Lung cancer CK7 positive only?

A

metastatic Breast cancer

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20
Q

lung cancer CK7 + TTF1 positive?

A

primary lung cancer

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21
Q

Lung cancer negative for CK7, CK20, CDX2, and TTF1?

A

Metastatic Kidney cancer

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22
Q

Pt w/ elevated ESR + LDH + billirubin + BNP + hypoxemia and normal CXR?
Rx?

A

P embolus

LMWH or fondaparinux

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23
Q

Hypoxemia
Neurological impairment
petechial rash?

A

Fat embolus

24
Q

Most common causes of Fat emboli?

A 
Long bone fracture
ortho surgery 
liposuction 
SCD bone crisis
burns 
Pancreatitis
25
Q

Pt w/ dyspnea + lightheadedness+ sense of doom+ mill wheel heart murmur + lived reticularis?

A

AIR embolism

26
Q

Rx of air embolism?

A

Left lateral decubitus (Durrant’s maneuver)
cadiac massage
hyperbaric O2 chamber

27
Q

Exudative stage of ARDS hallmark>?

A

Hyaline membrane

28
Q

proliferative stage of ARDS hallmark?

A

chronic interstitial inflammation w/ Lymphocytes _ macrophages DAY 7 + T2 pneumocyte hyperplasia

29
Q

hallmark of ARDS from Amiodarone toxicity?

A

Lipid Laiden macrophages

Arteriolar and venular injury

30
Q

ALI w/ atypical T2 pneumocyte hyperplasia + BV injury + residual hemosiderin + severe fibrosis around BV?

A

Radiation pneumonitis

31
Q

Slowly progressive fibrosis inflammatory disease of septum in a Man + smoker + > 50yo?

A

UIP (IPF)

32
Q

Microscopic: patchy inflammation w/ fibroblast foci of immature fibroblasts bulging into alveoli form interstitium + temporal heterogeneity?

A

UIP (IPF)

33
Q

Dry cough+ Velcro crackles… PG of disease?

A

Recurring acute lung injury from aspirations, infections, or inflammatory cytokine imbalances

34
Q

Commonly from necrotizing infections in non- smokers, w/ Granulation tissue in the alveoli?

A

COP

35
Q

Masson bodies>

A

COP

36
Q

Temporally homogenous inflammation + Common in Women + Never smokers+ all areas involved are in SAME Stage?

A

NSIP

37
Q

Acute onset of fever, cough, dyspnea, tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea, abscessing bronchopneumonia, leukocytosis, G+ cocci?

A

S. aureus

38
Q

acute onset of fever, cough, Diarrhea, Confusion, bronchopneumonia, hyponatremia? Dx test?

A

Legionella

Urine Ag test

39
Q

Intubated hospital pt w/ acute fever, chills, confusion. bilateral bronchopneumonia, neutropenia, and G- RODS?

A

P. aeruginosa

40
Q

Neutropenic patient w. acute fever, pleuritic pain, Hemoptysis, tachycardia, tachypnea, nodular infiltrates?

A

Aspergillus

41
Q

Black male w/ HIV and insidious onset of fever, cough, dyspnea, headache, Stiff neck and nodular infiltrates?

A

Cryptococcus

42
Q

HIV patient w. dyspnea, Dry cough, low grade fever, elevated LDH, and bilateral reticular infiltrates?

A

Pneumocystis

43
Q

Female smoker w. persistent cough, anorexia, wght loss, and peripheral mass?

A

Primary lung adenocarcinoma

44
Q

Black male smoker w/ persistent cough, dyspnea, anorexia, Hemoptysis, Central + Endobronchial mass?

A

Lung primary Squamous cell carcinoma

45
Q

> 60yo pt w/ weight loss, cough, dyspnea, Central + Parabronchial lung mass + hilar LAD?

A

SCLC

46
Q

Young black SCD patient w/ dyspnea, confusion, tachypnea, hypoxemia?

A

Fat emboli

47
Q

Pt/ in surgery acute onset of dyspnea, single gasp, lightheadedness, tachypnea, Mill wheel heart murmur?

A

Air emboli

48
Q

Male smoker, acute dyspnea, persistently dry, Bibasilar dry cough, bilateral reticular lung opacities in bases?

A

UIP

49
Q

Thin young male smoker acute onset of dyspnea?

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

50
Q

Infant days old w/ fever, chills, cough, cyanosis, Vomiting?

A

Aspiration pneumonia from Tracheoesophageal fistula

51
Q

Child w/ Left Upper Lobe air trapping and overinflation?

A

Cartilage anomaly= Congenital lobar overinflation

52
Q

Pt 14-30 yo asymptomatic but CXR shows mass in the Lungs (foregut fragment)?

A

Congenital cysts

53
Q

Pt w/ recurrent infections and CXR shows mass in lung with NO airway connection?

A

Pulmonary sequestration

54
Q

Multi focal masses in lungs w/ pneumonia like consolidation?

A

BAC or adenocarinoma in situ

55
Q

Pt Never smoker, BAL shows Ribbon like organizing growth along Alveolar walls?

A

Carcinoid tumor

Pulmonary Pathophysiology (2 decks)

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