pulmonary vascular disease Flashcards
Describe the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and pulmonary infarction.
thrombosis forms in the venous system usually in deep veins of the leg and embolisms to the pulmonary arteries.
Define pulmonary hypertension and outline the major causes.
Describe the diagnostic investigative procedures used in pulmonary vascular disease.
Define the principles of management of pulmonary vascular diseases.
what can causes a venous thromboembolism
recent major trauma, recent surgery, cancer, cardiopulmonary disease, pregnancy,
pulmonary embolism symptoms
pleuritic chest pain, cough, haemotysis, isolated acute dyspnoea, cardiac arrest
signs of a pulmonary embolism
pyrexia, pleural rub, stoney dullness to percussion at base, tachycardia, tachypnoea, hypoxia,
pre-test probability
wells score, revived Geneva score
pulmonary embolism investigations
full blood count, chest X-ray, ECG, V/Q scan
pulmonary embolism treatment
oxggen, warfarin, oral coagulants, thrombolysis
what is pulmonary hypertension
elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arterial tree. Pulmonary artery pressure greater than 20mmHG
causes of pulmonary hypertension
group 1- collagen vascular disease, portal hypertension, congenital heart disease, HIV infection
group 2- secondary to left heart disease
group 3- secondary to chronic Respiratory disease
group 4- chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
symptoms of hypertension
exerting dyspnoea, chest tightness, fainting on exercise, haemoptysis
signs of pulmonary hypertension
elevated jugular vein pressure, right ventricle heave, loud pulmonary heart sound, ankle oedema
pulmonary hypertension investigations
ECG, lung function tests, CXR, echocardiography, V/G scan
