Quantitative Methods - Data - Visualising Data Flashcards
what is a histogram used for?
to graphically present an absolute frequency distribution
how is a histogram presented graphically?
a simple bar chart of continuous data that has been classified into a frequency distribution
what goes on the x and y axis of a histogram?
x - intervals
y - absolute frequencies
how is a frequency polygon formed?
successive frequencies at the midpoints of the intervals are joined with line segments
what can a cumulative frequency distribution chart be used to show? what sort of chart is it?
displays either the cumulative absolute frequency or the cumulative relative frequency as a line chart
what are bar charts generally used to show? how can they be presented?
illustrate relative sizes, degrees, or magnitudes. The bars can be displayed vertically or horizontally
what is a group bar chart AKA?
a clustered bar chart
what are the benefits of using a group bar chart?
it can illustrate two categories at once
when is a stacked bar chart used and how does it work?
used to illustrate two categories at once. the height of each bar represents the cumulative frequency for a category and the colors within each bar represent joint frequencies
what would you use to visualise the relative size of categories?
a tree map
what visualisation tool would you use to analyse text?
a word cloud
what are line charts particularly useful to analyse?
illustrating time series data, such as securities prices
what is a dual scale line chart and when is it used?
it shows two line charts with differing vertical scales. it is helpful when analysing the changes in two variables ovder time relative to one another
what is a visulisation tool you’d use to add dimension to a line chart?
a bubble line chart. the different sized bubbles represent larger or smaller numbers
what tool is helpful to spot patterns between 2 variables?
a scatter plot
