Quiz 1 Flashcards
Natural selection
Not random, acts on favorable variations
Genetic drift
Random changes, fluctuations in genetic structure of a population
Gene flow
Also called migration; immigration and emigration
Mutation
Random change in DNA
How does natural selection depend on the environment of a population?
Natural selection is described as survival of the fittest so in order for this to apply, the environment must be a factor
Describe t
he process of evolution
A mutation in the DNA will start the process down to the offspring.
The change will either be beneficial or harmful; if it’s beneficial then it will continue to the offspring.
As these mutations occur they will continue to spread and make new species
Structure of DNA
Double stranded helix
Two nucleotides forming each rung of the ladder
Four nucleobases: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine
Transcription
The process of copying DNA from inside the nucleus into new strands of mRNA
Translation
The process of turning the information carried by the mRNA into a sequence of amino acids that will become proteins
Mitosis
A process of somatic cell division where a body cell divides into two identical cells
Meiosis
A process of cell division that leads to the formation of sex cells
Name four forces of evolution
Natural selection
Genetic drift
Mutation
Gene flow
