Quiz #1: Chapters 1,2. &3

Question 1

stroke volume

Answer 1

increased blood pumping

Question 2

cardiac output

Answer 2

more blood being pumped to working tissue

Question 3

Afferent neurons

Answer 3

nerves that carry electric impulses towards the brain and spinal cord

Question 4

Efferent neurons

Answer 4

nerves that carry electric impulses AWAY from the brain and spinal cord

Question 5

Somatic

Answer 5

part of the nervous system that controls voluntary actions

Question 6

Autonomic

Answer 6

part of the nervous system that controls involuntary actions

Question 7

Muscular System

Answer 7

• primary function: provide movement

- primary component: muscle fiber

Question 8

Smooth

Answer 8

-muscle fibers generate force

Question 9

DOMS

Answer 9

delayed onset of muscle soreness (tissue tears to build back up)

Question 10

muscle hypertrophy

Answer 10

increases cross sectional size of muscle (better performance)

Question 11

hyperplasia

Answer 11

increases the number of muscle fibers

Question 12

1. )Function

- cardiac muscle contraction propels blood through the circulatory system

Answer 12

Relation to physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance
-delivers nutrients and oxygen to the working tissues of the body and removes waste

Question 13

2. )Function

- skeletal muscle generates movement, which increases energy expenditure and heat production

Answer 13

Relation to physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance
-allows for body movement, responsible for the majority of daily energy expenditure

Question 14

3. )Function

- smooth muscle contraction and dilation regulates diameter of passageways in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems

Answer 14

Relation to physical activity, exercise, sport, and athletic performance
-allows for coordinated flow of blood to working tissues and air to the lungs for gas exchange

Question 15

Skeletal system

Answer 15

• framework for the body
• protects organs & tissue
• lever system for movement
• storage area for minerals

Question 16

Cardiovascular system

Answer 16

• primary functions: transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, electrolytes, and medication.
• primary component: heart, blood vessels, and blood

Question 17

cardiovascular disease

Answer 17

leading cause of death

Question 18

CAD (coronary artery disease)

Answer 18

is the primary cardiovascular disease in most Americans

Question 19

Atherosclerosis

Answer 19

cholesterol & blood lipids build up in the arteries causing narrowing of vessel opening.

Question 20

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 20

the thickening or hardening of the walls of the arteries; occurs in older people

Question 21

Vo2 max

Answer 21

the maximum amount of oxygen that can be consumed; deliver oxygen to muscles

Question 22

Pulmonary system

Answer 22

• primary function: moving air into and out of the lungs & regulation of acid base balance
• primary component: lungs
• important factor during exercise due to the ability to exhale carbon dioxide and regulate blood PH

Question 23

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Answer 23

breathing is compromised

Question 24

Urinary disease

Answer 24

• primary function: elimination of waste products & regulates fluid volume, electrolyte composition, and PH
• primary component: kidney

Question 25

hypertension

Answer 25

can be influenced by increasing the amount of fluid removed by kidneys

Question 26

diuretics

Answer 26

help get the fluid out

Question 27

macro

Answer 27

proteins, carbs, & fats

Question 28

micro

Answer 28

vitamins & minerals

Question 29

Endocrine System

Answer 29

• primary function: regulation of physiologic function & systems of the body
• primary components: endocrine glands
• helps maintain homeostasis
• hormones work with other systems to regulate normal functions during physical activity & exercise

Question 30

metabolic syndrome

Answer 30

when the body is resistant to insulin

Question 31

epinephrine

Answer 31

also known as adrenaline; it is a hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands

Question 32

norepinephrine

Answer 32

also called noradrenaline; an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter

Question 33

insulin

Answer 33

promotes uptake of absorbed nutrients

Question 34

metabolic syndrome (2)

Answer 34

elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, elevated waist circumference, elevated triglycerides, and reduced HDL (good fat).

Question 35

insulin resistance

Answer 35

When cells in your muscles, body fat, and liver resist insulin which prevents the absorption of glucose, the body’s main source of fuel.

Question 36

Immune System

Answer 36

• primary function: regulating the susceptibility to, severity of, and recovery from infection, abnormal tissue growth, and illness
• primary components: physical, mechanical, chemical, blood, and cellular factors

Question 37

exercise Science

Answer 37

• physical activity & regular exercise may improve the ability of the body to maintain health and reduce the risk for certain disease conditions
• exercise science plays a role in the prevention and treatment of illness (cancer & AIDS)
• exercise has a positive effect during illness and reduced responsiveness (aging)

Question 38

overtraining syndrome

Answer 38

when too much training results in the maladaptations of body responses

Question 39

Energy system

Answer 39

• provides energy during rest & exercise
• primary component: enzymes & energy sources within cells
• energy production is critical for successful performance in athletic events of various intensities and durations

Question 40

glycolysis

Answer 40

breakdown of glucose to produce energy

Question 41

oxidative metabolism

Answer 41

use of oxygen to break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to produce energy.