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Anesthesia school > Quiz 1- Drugs > Flashcards

Quiz 1- Drugs Flashcards

Induction, anxiolytics, opioids

1
Q

Propofol is supplied as

A

10mg/ml or 1%

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2
Q

Propofol is used for

A

Induction, Sedation, MAC

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3
Q

Propofol dose for induction

A

1.0-2.5mg/kg IV

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4
Q

Propofol dose for infusion (maintenance)

A

25-200 mcg/kg/min IV

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5
Q

Propofol caution

A

Hypotension due to vasodilation
Burns on injection
Respiratory depression

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6
Q

Generally speaking, induction agents onset is around

A

30-60 seconds. Hand, heart, head, asleep

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7
Q

Generally speaking, induction agents duration of action is around

A

5-10 minutes

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8
Q

What does Propofol help prevent and decrease?

A

Post operative nausea and vomitin

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9
Q

Etomidate is supplied as

A

2mg/ml

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10
Q

Etomidate induction dose is

A

0.2 - 0.3 mg/kg

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11
Q

Etomidate cautions

A

Pain with injection
Causes PONV
Myoclonus

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12
Q

Why would we use Etomidate instead of propofol?

A

CARDIOVASCULAR STABILITY- does not act as a vasodilator therefore does not decrease BP. Good for people with bad hearts, people with sepsis and trauma surgeries, ie- abdominal stabbing

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13
Q

Ketamine uses

A

Analgesia, amnesia. Allows you to decrease amount of opioids used with Ketamine

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14
Q

Ketamine is supplied as

A

10, 50, 100 mg/ml

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15
Q

Ketamine dose for analgesia

A

0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg

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16
Q

Ketamine induction dose

A

1-2mg/kg IV

4-8 mg/kg IM

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17
Q

Does Ketamine cause hypotension through vasodilation?

A

No, Propofol does though

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18
Q

Can Ketamine be used on pregnant women?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Lidocaine is supplied as

A

0.5 -5%

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20
Q

Lidocaine induction dose

A

0.5-1 mg/kg

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21
Q

Why is Lidocaine used in induction

A

Blunts air way reflexes making it easier for patient to tolerate endotracheal tube

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22
Q

What is the enteral route?

A

Mouth, sub lingual, rectum – the alimentary tract

23
Q

What is the parenteral route?

A 
“aside from” the alimentary tract
Inhalational 	
Intravenous (IV)
Intramuscular (IM)	
Subcutaneous (SC)        
Transdermal 
Topical
24
Q

Agonist

A

Drug that binds a receptor and MIMICS the endogenous transmitter (signal)
Example- opioids

25
Q

Antagonist

A

Drug binds a receptor and BLOCKS the endogenous transmitter (signal)
Example- Narcan

26
Q

Midazolam is supplied as

A

1mg/ml

27
Q

Midazolam uses

A

Anxiolysis, Sedation, Amnesia, NO analgesic properties

28
Q

Midazolam dosage

A

1- 2.5 mg IV- NOT a weight based drug

29
Q

What does Midazolam cause

A

Anterograde amnesia

Relaxation

30
Q

Midazolam cautions

A

Hepatic disease- metabolized in the liver.
Elderly- we do not give Midazolam to the elderly (around 75ishhhh). Can cause cognitive dysfunction
Synergy with narcotics (1+1=3.. greater affect)
Do not give to pregnant women- all women between 10 and 50 must have a pregnancy test before receiving this drug
Works on same receptors as ETOH- patient who drink alcohol have a tolerance to Benzos therefore they may need more

31
Q

All opiods provide

A

Analgesia, sedation and some sort of euphoria

32
Q

Physiologic side effects of opiods

A
  • respiratory depression
  • decrease in gastric motility
  • addiction and tolerance
  • not many cardiovascular side effects
33
Q

Morphine is supplied as

A

10mg/ml

34
Q

Morphine intra operative and post operative dosing

A
  1. 1-1mg/kg IV

0. 03-0.15 mg/kg (IV)

35
Q

Morphine cautions

A

PONV

pruritis

36
Q

Morphine use

A

IV use, analgesia, epidurals

37
Q

Morphine duration and onset

A

Longer lasting
Onset: 15-30 minutes
Duration: 3-6 hours

38
Q

Fentanyl is supplied as

A

50 mcg/mL

39
Q

Fentanyl uses

A

Analgesia

40
Q

Fentanyl onset and duration

A

Quick!
Peaks in 5 minutes, Onset about 1 minute
Duration from 30-60 mins

41
Q

Fentanyl dosing

A

Dose 1-2 mcg/Kg

Infusions (1-2mcg/kg/hr)

42
Q

Fentanyl cautions

A

100 x more potent than morphine
Very lipid soluble- works SUPER fast
Synergism with midazolam

43
Q

Meperidine is supplied as

A

2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%

44
Q

Meperidine dosing

A

Periop analgesia 75-100 mg IV

Post-op Shivering 12.5-25 mg IV

45
Q

Meperidine main use in the PACU

A

Relives post op shivering

46
Q

Meperidine cautions

A

Neuro toxic

Be careful with people who have kidney disease

47
Q

Hydromorphone is supplied as

A

2mg ampule

48
Q

Hydromorphone dosing

A

0.5-2 mg

49
Q

Hydromorphone onset and duration

A

Onset: 5 minutes
Duration: Greater than 5 hours

50
Q

Naloxone- Narcan is supplied as

A

0.4 mg vial

51
Q

Naloxone- Narcan dosing

A

Dose 1-4 mcg/kg

52
Q

Naloxone- Narcan is used for

A

Overdose, respiratory depression

53
Q

Toradol (ketorolac) dose

A

30mg
same category as ibuprofen
Kidneys must be ok

54
Q

IV acetaminophen

A

1000mg

Liver must be ok

Anesthesia school (3 decks)

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