Quiz 2

Question 1

Newgrange Passage Grave

Answer 1

County Meathe, Ireland
3100 BCE

Question 2

Megalithic construction

Answer 2

“Great stone,” ancient large stone creations

Question 3

Transom window

Answer 3

Window above door, ex. in Newgrange Passage Grave, allows light in

Question 4

Post and lintel

Answer 4

Simple construction technique, two posts hold up a horizontal lintel, ex. Stonehenge (trabeated system)

Question 5

Corbel

Answer 5

Rocks stacked on top of eachother to form primitive arches/domes, ex. Newgrange Passage Grave

Question 6

Roden Crater

Answer 6

James Turrell, 1979, Flagstaff AZ

Question 7

Megalithic construction in Nuraghe, Sardinia

Answer 7

Nuraghe, Sardinia off coast of Italy
1900-700 BCE

Question 8

Dolmen

Answer 8

Upright stones capped with horizontal stones; dry masonry (no mortar) ex. the Kercado Passage Tomb

Question 9

Menhir

Answer 9

Single stone, free-standing, rough, set in shallow holes and wedged in for stability

Question 10

Alignment

Answer 10

Parallel rows of upright stones

Question 11

Stonehenge

Answer 11

Salisbury Plain, England
2900-1400 BCE

Question 12

ICOMOS

Answer 12

International Council on Monuments and Sites (a.k.a Venice Charter of 1964)

Question 13

Carnac Alignments (Carnac Menhirs)

Answer 13

Located in Carnac, Brittany (northwestern France)
~4000 BCE
Over 3000 aligned stones
Largest man made group of stones in the world

Question 14

White Temple at Uruk

Answer 14

Located in Mesopotamia, modern day Iraq
3500-3000 BCE
Ziggurat

Question 15

Ziggurat at Ur

Answer 15

Located in Mesopotamia, modern day Iraq
2000 BCE

Question 16

Mastaba of Perneb Saqqara (dw about date)

Answer 16

Located in Egypt
Mastaba (bench in Arabic)
Offering table inside on ground level, graves are underground

Question 17

Stepped pyramid of Djoser

Answer 17

Located in Saqqara, Egypt
c. 2600 BCE

Question 18

Sarsen stones

Answer 18

Post glacial stones used in stonehenge

Question 19

Axial arrangement

Answer 19

Axes determine directionality and flow of movement, potential symmetry, might be based on something like directing light ex. stonehenge

Question 20

Why did pyramids stop being built

Answer 20

Looters

Question 21

Stoa of Attalos

Answer 21

Located at the Agora in Athens
100 BCE
Characterized by colonnade

Question 22

Colonnade

Answer 22

Row of columns

Question 23

Agon

Answer 23

Contest, leads to excellence

Question 24

Arete

Answer 24

Excellence, coming from practice, constant refinement, testing

Question 25

Stoa

Answer 25

long building, covered, characterized by a colonnade, open on the side of the agora

Question 26

Acropolis

Answer 26

high city (acron, high,, polis, city)

Question 27

Hypostyle Hall

Answer 27

Hall of columns

Question 28

City of Miletos

Answer 28

Located in Asia minor
450 BCE
Blocks oriented with peninsula rather than with cardinal directions
Hippodamus was the architect

Question 29

Temple of Nestor at Pylos

Answer 29

1300 BC
Megaron is the heart of the palatial complex
Bilaterally symmetrical

Question 30

City walls and Lion Gate, Mycenae, Greece

Answer 30

1300 BC
Cyclopean” architecture, age of Agamemnon
Only a cyclops could move stones that big
Ex. propylon gate

Question 31

Red Pyramid at Dahshur

Answer 31

For Pharaoh Sneferu
2600 BCE
FIRST TRUE PYRAMID, not stepped

Question 32

Great Pyramids

Answer 32

2500 BCE

Question 33

Great Temple of Amun

Answer 33

Began 1500 BCE
Features pylon walls, hypostyle hall, and obelisks
At Karnak, Egypt

Question 34

Demarcation

Answer 34

Physical space structure takes up, start and end of structure

Question 35

Orientation

Answer 35

Axes, symmetry, relation to other structures, conceptual space

Question 36

Clerestory

Answer 36

Place where windows allow light into the area below

Question 37

What did Sumerians build with

Answer 37

Dried mudbrick, less permanent