quiz 5 Flashcards
What is the function of a palisade cell?
To capture/trap/absorb light energy for photosynthesis
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Where respiration takes place.
Give two advantages of light microscopes
Cheap, can look at live specimens
Name four ways in which diseases caused by pathogens can be spread
by water, by air, direct contact, by vectors
What is cell differentiation?
Cells becoming specialised.
What is nuclear transfer?
The removal of the nucleus from one cell and transfer into another cell
What is a specialised cell?
A cell with a specific function
What is active transport?
The movement of particles from an area of low concentration to high concentration, which needs energy
What are the first line non-specific defence systems of the human body against pathogens?
skin, nose, trachea and bronchi, stomach.
What are the small gas exchange structures in the lungs called?
alveoli
How do alveoli increase the rate of diffusion of gases in the lungs
They increase the internal surface area of the lungs
What is phagocytosis (fag-go-sy-toe-sis)?
Where a white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a pathogen, then digests it to destroy it
What is the definition of osmosis (in terms of water concentration)?
the movement of water molecules from an area of high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane
What happens when an enzyme is denatured?
its active site changes shape so it can’t join to the substrate
What happens to an animal cell if it gains a lot of water?
It will burst and die
