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machine design > quiz abe 61 > Flashcards

quiz abe 61 Flashcards

1
Q

resist failure

A

strenght of material

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2
Q

resist deformation

A

stiffness

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3
Q

deformation due to external force is within certain limit

A

elastic limit

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4
Q

retain its original shape and size

A

elasticity

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5
Q

limit within which the body behaves perfectly elastic

A

elastic limit

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6
Q

resistance per unit deformation

A

stress

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7
Q

stress that is loaded by an axial force

A

normal stress

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8
Q

stress state leadíng to expansion

A

tensile stress

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9
Q

ability to deform under tensile stress

A

ductility

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10
Q

force that attempts to squeeze or compress a material

A

compressive stress

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11
Q

differs from tensile and compressive stresses in that the external and internal forces are parallel to the stressed crossed sectional area

A

shearing stress

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12
Q

stress developed when two elastic bodies are forced together

A

bearing stress

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13
Q

force acting on a generally horizontal direction

A

tangential stress

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14
Q

force that produce mountain folding and faulting

A

tangential stress

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15
Q

distance between the two reference points

A

gauge length

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16
Q

determined by dividing the elongation values by the gauge length

A

strain

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17
Q

stress is proportional to strain

A

proportional limit

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18
Q

material will not be able to recover its original size and shape

A

yield point

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19
Q

stress corresponding to yield point

A

yield point stress

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20
Q

stress which attains its maximum value

A

ultimate stress

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21
Q

necessary to break away the specimen, is less than the maximum stress

A

breaking stress

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22
Q

ratio of the maximum stress to the working stress

A

factor of safety

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23
Q

used to determine the combined effect of two or more stresses

A

superposition method

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24
Q

considered uniform, and will be the same value over the entire length of the beam

A

axial stress

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25
Q

accumulation of stress in a body due to sudden change in its geometry

A

stress concentration

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26
Q

to prevent a body from getting failed, the concentration of stress should be avoided or reduced

A

stress risers

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27
Q

ratio of highest stress in the body to the reference stress

A

stress concentration factor

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28
Q

one that performs well

A

successful product

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29
Q

have relatively high moduli

A

metals

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30
Q

can be made strong by alloying and by mechanical and heat treatment

A

metals

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31
Q

have high moduli, but unlike metals, they are brittle

A

ceramics and glasses

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32
Q

have moduli which are low, roughly 50 times less than those of metals

A

polymers and elastomers

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33
Q

they can be strong, nearly as strong as metals

A

polymers and elastomers

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34
Q

combine the attractive properties of the other classes of materials while avoiding some of their drawbacks

A

composites

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35
Q

light, stiff and strong, and they can be tough

A

composites

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36
Q

determined the behaviour of materials under the action of external forces called loads

A

mechanical properties of materials

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37
Q

determined by the range of usefulness of the metal and establish the service that is expected

A

mechanical properties of metals

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38
Q

useful for help to specify and identify the metals

A

mechanical properties

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39
Q

enables a metal to resist deformation load

A

strength

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40
Q

capacity to withstand destruction under the action of external loads

A

strength

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41
Q

ability of an object or material to resume its normal shape after being stretched or compressed

A

elasticity

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42
Q

power of coming back to its original position after deformation

A

elasticity

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43
Q

ability to undergo some permanent deformation without rupture

A

plasticity

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44
Q

resistance of a material to force penetration or bending

A

hardness

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45
Q

ability of material to resist scratching, abrasion, cutting or penetration

A

hardness

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46
Q

ability of material to oppose the scratches to outer surface layer due to external force

A

scratch hardness

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47
Q

ability of material to oppose the dent due to punch of external hard and sharp objects

A

indentation hardness

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48
Q

also called as dynamic hardness

A

rebound hardness

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49
Q

property of material which enables it to withstand shock or impact

A

toughness

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50
Q

opposite condition of brittleness

A

toughness

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51
Q

combination of strength and plasticity

A

toughness

52
Q

enables it to withstand permanent deformation

A

brittleness

53
Q

they will break rather than bend under shock or impact

A

brittleness

54
Q

have high compressive strength but low in tensile strength

A

brittleness

55
Q

resistance of a material to elastic deformation or deflection

A

stiffness

56
Q

property of material which enables it to be drawn out into a thin wire

A

ductility

57
Q

property of material which permits it to be hammered or rolled into sheets of other sizes and shapes

A

melleability

58
Q

property of a solid body by virtue of which they resist from being broken into a fragment

A

cohesion

59
Q

ability of metal to resist suddenly applied loads

A

impact strength

60
Q

long effect of repeated straining action which causes the strain or break of the material

A

fatigue

61
Q

slow and progressive deformation of a material with time at a constant force

A

creep

62
Q

simplest type of creep deformation

A

viscous flow

63
Q

those which contain iron

A

ferrous metals

64
Q

those which contain no iron

A

non-ferrous metal

65
Q

become misaligned, creating areas of weaknesses

A

dislocations

66
Q

adding carbon to the iron

A

carbon steels

67
Q

mixture of two or more chemical elements, and primary element is a metal

A

alloy

68
Q

carbon content between 0.1% and 0.3%

A

mild steel

69
Q

contains carbon between 0.3 and 0.7%

A

medium carbon steel

70
Q

contains carbon between 0.7 and 1.3%

A

high carbon steel

71
Q

chromium content between 13% and 27%

A

stainless steel

72
Q

alloy of iron(94%), carbon (3%), silicon (2%)

A

grey cast iron

73
Q

makes the alloy magnetic and improves elasticity

A

silicon

74
Q

makes the alloy harder and heat resistant and used to make stainless steel

A

manganese

75
Q

improves strength and prevents corrosion

A

nickel

76
Q

makes the steel harder , more heat resistant, and prevents corrosion

A

tungsten

77
Q

makes the alloy harder and tougher and more rustproof

A

chromium

78
Q

most abundant metal in the earths crust and after steel

A

aluminum

79
Q

worlds third most important metal in terms of volume of consumption

A

copper

80
Q

covers a wide range of copper zinc alloys

A

brass

81
Q

shiny and silvery white

A

magnesium

82
Q

shiny white metal

A

tin

83
Q

silvery grey metal

A

lead

84
Q

alloy of copper and tin

A

bronze

85
Q

bluish grey shiny metal

A

zinc

86
Q

containing up to about 0.7% total impurities

A

copper

87
Q

contain small amounts of various alloying elements such as beryllium, chromium, zirconium, and etc.

A

high copper alloys

88
Q

copper zinc alloys containing up to about 45% zinc

A

brasses

89
Q

alloys of copper with tin, plus atleast one of phosphorus, aluminum, silicon, manganese and nickel

A

bronze

90
Q

alloys of copper with nickel with a small amount of iron

A

copper nickel

91
Q

contain 55 to 65 percent copper alloyed with nickel and zinc

A

nickel silvers

92
Q

creates complex shapes from molten metal

A

casting

93
Q

creates a two piece sand mold around a pattern

A

sand casting

94
Q

uses permanent molds into which low melt points metals

A

die casting

95
Q

creates intricate wax patterns

A

investment casting

96
Q

used to transform bulk materials in the form of billets

A

metal deformation

97
Q

copper and aluminum are forced through dies to produce common shapes such as copper tubing or aluminum angles

A

extrusion

98
Q

uses hydraulic die sets or open dies and hammers

A

forging

99
Q

transforms mill products into finished raw materials

A

rolling

100
Q

achieving higher yield strength and better surface finishes than hot rolling

A

cold rolling

101
Q

used to further reduce bar stock

A

bar drawing

102
Q

continous the process of bar drawing by pulling ductile materials

A

wire drawing

103
Q

usually small and ductile enough that it can be wound onto spools of significant capacity

A

resulting wire

104
Q

the parts are formed sequentially as they index through each station of the die

A

progressive forming die

105
Q

gradually pushes the material into a die cavity

A

drawing

106
Q

creates holes and slots where needed

A

punching

107
Q

create tabs and other features that run perpendicular to the plane of the original material

A

bending

108
Q

the finished part from the remaining coil material that has served to carry the forming part through the die

A

blanking shears

109
Q

remove material from round and bar stock

A

machining

110
Q

forming of both thermoset and thermoplastic materials

A

polymer processing

111
Q

closed to force the material into the shape of the cavity

A

compression molding

112
Q

heated polymer is injected into the closed mold

A

transfer molding

113
Q

common method for making plastic bottle

A

blow molding

114
Q

uses an auger to soften plastic pellets in a barrel

A

injection molding

115
Q

shapes sheets or films of thermoplastic into cavities

A

thermoforming

116
Q

used to produce large hollows shapes such as kayaks

A

rotomolding

117
Q

often cast by pouring it into open silicon rubber molds

A

polyurethane

118
Q

include plating, painting, sprue removing, polishing and etc.

A

finishing

119
Q

important step in the finishing of many metal parts

A

heat treating

120
Q

where the different parts that composed a finish product come together

A

assembly

121
Q

instrumental in classifying, evaluating, and specifying the material, chemical, and mechanical properties of steels

A

astm steel standard

122
Q

instrumental in specifying, testing, and assessing the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of a wide variety of materials

A

astm plastic standard

123
Q

ability of material to be worked or shaped into the finished component and is sometimes referred as “workability”

A

material evaluation and process selection

124
Q

component or joint must have to function as required

A

performance requirements

125
Q

ability to function as required over a specific use period

A

reliability requirements

machine design (1 decks)

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