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Biology > Random MDCAT > Flashcards

Random MDCAT Flashcards

1
Q

darwin

A

darwinism
natural selection and adaptations are closely related

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2
Q

malthus

A

essay on population

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3
Q

wallace

A

sent paper to darwin

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4
Q

mendel

A

genetic laws

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5
Q

lineaus

A

binomial nomen clature

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6
Q

lyell

A

principals of geology

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7
Q

lamarck

A

theory of evolution

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8
Q

cuvier

A

paleantology and explained principals of catastrophism

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9
Q

age of earth

A

4569 million yrs

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10
Q

analogous

A

function same, structure diff, convergent evolution
wings of insects and birds

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11
Q

homologous

A

function diff, structure same, divergent evolution
limbs of humans and whales

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12
Q

enth of form of CO

A

-110

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13
Q

C-C benzene

A

1.397 angstrom

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14
Q

sufonation fastest

A

toluene

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15
Q

+ve red potential

A

less reactive

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16
Q

carbanion+cabronyll compound

A

aldol

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17
Q

bowmans

A

named nucleolus

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17
Q

fontana

A

nucleolus

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17
Q

waldyez

A

named chromosome

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17
Q

levan hooke

A

living cell

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17
Q

r. hooke

A

dead cell

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18
Q

r. brown

A

nucleus

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19
Q

w fleming

A

cell division

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20
Q

smallpox

A

dna enveloped virus

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21
Q

poliomyelitus, smallest known virus

A

rna virus

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22
Q

measles and mumps

A

develops immunity
rna enveloped
60% people immune

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23
Q

herpes simplex

A

dna virus
vascular lesions in epithelial layers of ectodermal tissues

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24
Q

cushings disease

A

excessive secretion of cortisol

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25
Q

neurilemma cells

A

schwann cells

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26
Q

endorphin

A

inhibits sensation of pain

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27
Q

saccoglossus belong to

A

hemichordates

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28
Q

tripoblastic animals show

A

both radial and bilateral symetry

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29
Q

in terrestrial vertebrates gill slits are modified to form

A

eustachian tubes

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30
Q

carboxyhaemoglobin

A

23%

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31
Q

high resistance against temp

A

spores

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32
Q

for sterilization purposes x rays used

A

mutation in bacterial genome

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33
Q

bacterial envelope does not have

A

inner membrane

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34
Q

periplasmic space

A

space bw cell wall amd membrane

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35
Q

fibrous joints

A

connected by dense connective tissues in rich in collagen fibres

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36
Q

targets of oestrogen

A

uterus and anterior pituitary

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37
Q

syphillis

A

treponna pallidum bacteria (spirochete)
damages eyes, skin, CNS, heart and bone joints

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38
Q

mycoplasma

A

fever, cough, bronchitis, sore throat, headache and tiredness

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39
Q

bronchioles

A

1mm

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40
Q

thoracic lymph duct of lymphatic system opens into

A

subclavian vein

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41
Q

least selective process

A

pressure filtration

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42
Q

grey matter

A

outer cortex
neuronal bodies

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43
Q

white matter

A

myelinated axons
central part of brain

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44
Q

cilia and flagella absent in?

A

higher plants

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45
Q

gut living symbiont E. coli

A

rod shaped

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46
Q

denitrification in soil

A

nitrate to nitrogen

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47
Q

snails are intermediate hosts in?

A

fasciola hepatica

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48
Q

Ascaris lumbricoids

A

intestinal parasite in man
phylum: nematoda

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49
Q

Oxyntic cells

A

secrete hcl

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50
Q

pesticides DDT & parathione

A

inhibitors of enzymes in CNS

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51
Q

protoctist

A

group of similar cells
eukaryote that is not a plant animal or fungus
single celled heterotrophic
cellulose cell wall or chloroplast

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52
Q

spiral shaped bacteria

A

vibrio
spirillum
spirochete

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53
Q

avidin

A

binds egg white with biotin

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54
Q

radial symmetry

A

all body parts around central axis
sissile mode of life

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55
Q

oxyntic cells are also called

A

parietal cells

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56
Q

in pelvic region sacrum is formed by fusion of

A

5 vertebrae

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57
Q

cyclic flow of C4c synthesis produces

A

ATP

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58
Q

All viruses only reproduce within living organisms so they are called

A

obligative intracellular parasites

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59
Q

candica albicans

A

yeast that grows in mucus membranes of mouth or vagina

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60
Q

body of tapeworms contains proglottis which contains mainly:

A

sexual organs

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61
Q

Ascarsis-pseudocoelomate

A

phylum nematoda

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62
Q

pericardium

A

closed sac that surrounds the heart

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63
Q

breathing consists of

A

2 phases

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64
Q

secondary consumers

A

trophic level three

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65
Q

tertiary consumers

A

trophic level four

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66
Q

primary consumers

A

trophic level two

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67
Q

producers

A

trophic level one

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68
Q

strongest proof of evolution

A

fossils

69
Q

turners syndrome

A

low hairline
webbed neck
infertility
short height

70
Q

melatonin

A

regulates diurnal rythms

71
Q

percentage of cellulose in woody trees

A

50%

72
Q

[ozone] measured in

A

dobsons unit

73
Q

phenyl ketonoria

A

phenylalanine is not degraded due to faulty phenyl alanine oxidase

74
Q

klinefelters syndrome

A

males w XXY chromosomes

75
Q

anaerobic bacteria

A

cyanobacteria
spirochete

76
Q

aerobic bacteria

A

pseudomonas

77
Q

facultative bacteria

A

E. coli

78
Q

pulses are present in the family:

A

fabacea

79
Q

Tse-tse fly causes the sleeping sickness and skin diseases by transmitting

A

Trypanosoma.

80
Q

xanthophyl

A

orange colour

81
Q

aerobic repiration results in

A

36 ATP

82
Q

Atp synthesis when e move from

A

cytochrome to plastocynanin

83
Q

acoelomates: no body cavity

A

spongs and platyhelminths

84
Q

slime in bacteria

A

provides greater pathogenecity

85
Q

humming birds belong to

A

heterotherms

86
Q

placental mammals are

A

eutheria

87
Q

Microcephaly, the small sized skull is due to

A

genetic defect

88
Q

non hodkin lymphoma is treated by

A

anitigens produced by tobaco plants

89
Q

infestations

A

are diseases caused by parasites

90
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

A metabolic disorder is a medical condition that affects the body’s metabolism, such as diabetes or phenylketonuria (PKU). Arteriosclerosis is not a metabolic disorde

91
Q

liver cirrhosis

A

excess alcohol consumption

92
Q

urea cycle/orthinione cycle occurs in mitochondria of liver

A

conversion of poisonous ammonia (NH3) to urea ((NH2)2CO) which is then excreted in the urine

93
Q

amniotes

A

all fishes and amphibians

94
Q

Aquatic arthropods that breathe through gills?

A

Crustaceans

95
Q

flexible, elastic, non-living matrix collagen that surrounds the cartilage is secreted by

A

chrondocytes

96
Q

lysozymes is released by bacteria

A

during penetration

97
Q

wings of a bird and the wings of a beetle are considered

A

analogous

98
Q

lomasomes

A

present outside the plasma membrane but inside the cell wall in plant cells

99
Q

In Morgan’s linkage experiment, when males and females of F2 generation mate with each other and produce offspring, the percentage of recombinants was

A

37%

100
Q

Primordial soup is a set of hypothetical conditions on ancient earth first proposed by

A

alexandar oparin

101
Q

Robert Kosh

A

discovered the bacteria causing tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, also known as Koch’s bacillus) and also developed various techniques of media preparation and maintenance of pure culture

102
Q

Icosahedral Viruses have how many faces?

A

20 faces

103
Q

Mohl

A

proposed the starch sugar hypothesis

104
Q

surfactant

A

lowers the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung. This is needed to lower the work of breathing and to prevent alveolar collapse at end-expiration

105
Q

In cocci, three plane division results in the formation of sarcine which is a

A

cube of 8 cocci

106
Q

parvo virus

A

single stranded DNA

107
Q

at the end plate of bacteriophage

A

6 tail fibrils

108
Q

chlorophyll b molecule

A

yellowish green

109
Q

human bone cells

A

20% water

110
Q

bacteria and arachea

A

lack cell wall

111
Q

mycoplasma bacteria

A

lacks cell wall

112
Q

middle layer of meninges

A

arachnoid matter

113
Q

water vascular system/ambulacral system

A

starfish, sea urchins; echindoderms

114
Q

silver fish

A

insect

115
Q

no tissues in

A

sponges

116
Q

biogenetic law of ernst haeckel

A

ontogeny recapulates phylogeny

117
Q

precapillary sphincters

A

control flow of blood into cappilaries

118
Q

nitrifying bacteria

A

chemosynthetic bacteria

119
Q

testis divided into

A

250-300 lobules

120
Q

leydig cells or interstitial cells

A

produce testosterone

121
Q

hypophosphatemic rickets

A

X linked dominant

122
Q

bicep muscles

A

flexor muscles

123
Q

tricep muscles

A

extensor

124
Q

gram negative cell wall

A

provides resistance against antibiotics

125
Q

calcium

A

six isotopes

125
Q

one/more muscle group face loss in function

A

paralysis

125
Q

lymph vessels deposit lymph into

A

veins

125
Q

pelvis and leg bone

A

vestigial organ in whales

125
Q

Rapt

A

biwitched

126
Q

99% universe in the

A

plasma state

127
Q

Cnidarians

A

only ecto derm and mesoderms
diptoblastic

127
Q

brain stem

A

medulla oblongata, pons, mid brain

128
Q

HIV attacks

A

helper t cells for its multiplication

129
Q

ATP synthase is located on

A

inner membrane

130
Q

cellulose

A

dietery fibres

131
Q

isomorphs

A

different physical properties
homogeneous mixtures
same ratio of atoms

132
Q

tobacco mosaic virus

A

first virus to be isolated and studied under EM

133
Q

HIV genetic information flows from viral RNA to DNA and forms

A

viral RNA and proteins

134
Q

epilepsy

A

abnormal and excessive dicharge of nerve impusles

135
Q

rods

A

in retina
photosensitive to dim lights

136
Q

Arthropoda (invertebrae phylum)

A

most abundant species

137
Q

vena cava recieves deoxygenated blood from kidney through?

A

renal vein

138
Q

gonadotrophin hormone secreted by

A

hypothalamus

139
Q

amorphous solid

A

indefinite heat of fusion

140
Q

phylum platyhelminths are

A
141
Q

percentage of lipids in plasma membrane

A
142
Q

goose pimples

A
143
Q

sedimentary rocks

A

most fossils are found in it

144
Q

tetra pods

A

birds animals reptiles amphibian

145
Q

solubility of oxygen

A

8g per litre

146
Q

sex pilli

A

formed during conjugation

147
Q

cytochrome a3

A

directly binds oxygen

148
Q

inflammatory type of arthritis

A

osteomyletis

149
Q

expiration

A

pressure in thoracic cavity increases
lungs contract
diaphragm relaxes

150
Q

light harvesting compexes

A

antenna complex

151
Q

capsomeres

A

help in determining the antigenicity of virus

152
Q

Addisons disease

A

lack of hormone production
destruction of adrenal cortex; metablolic disturbance, muscle weakness

153
Q

cushings disease

A

too much cortical hormone

154
Q

androgens

A

secondary male charachteristics

155
Q

oestrogen

A

secondary female charachteristics
positive feedback w LH AT
thickening of the uterine wall after menstruation
produced by ripening follicles

156
Q

trough

A

concave lens

157
Q

perpetuate

A

make smth continue 4ever

158
Q

stalwart

A

loyal

159
Q

prodigious

A

huge

160
Q

perish

A

dieing in a violent way

161
Q

stulk

A

to keep out of sight

162
Q

michelsons measured length of the standard meters in terms of wavelength of

A

red cadmium light

163
Q

gemmules

A

internal buds

164
Q

appendix formed from

A

caecum

165
Q

rectified spirit to absolute alcohol by

A

redistillation

166
Q

phenol+formaldehyde

A

bakelite polymer

167
Q

4s orbital has

A

three nodes

168
Q

tracheids

A

longest supportive cells

169
Q
A

Biology (8 decks)

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