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Neuro review > Random Neuro > Flashcards

Random Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Shit that causes HYPERreflexia

A 
Seratonin Syndrome
MS
Sub-Acute Combined Degeneration
Multi-infarct Dementia
Transverse Myelitis
Creutfelz Jacob
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2
Q

Normal reflexes

A

Alzeihmers

Myasthenia Gravis

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3
Q

HYPOreflexia

A 
Eaton-Lambert
West Nile Virus
Toluene Toxicty
Colchicine Myopathy
Depression
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4
Q

Delayed reflexes

A

Hypothyroid

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5
Q

ABSENT reflexes

A

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

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6
Q

See Triphasic spike on EEG

A

Metabolic/Uremic Encephalopathy

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7
Q

Spike and Wave on EEG in tmeporal region

A

Herpes encephalitis

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8
Q

Generalized slowing seen on EEG

A

Alzeihmers

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9
Q

1-2 sharp spikes on EEG

A

CJD (also see 14-3-3 proteins in CSF)

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10
Q

Hypsarrhthymia on EEG

A

INfantile spasms—tx with ACTH

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11
Q

Patient has non-enhancing lesion on MRI with vision changes. Complain that they don’t remember using left hand to button shirt or comb hair.
Dx and CAuse

A

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy from JC virus seen in AIDS; affects subcortical white matter in occipital or parietal area. NON-enhancing lesions

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12
Q

What weird disease causes oculomotor myorhythmia

A

Whipple

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13
Q

What happens on SAME SIDE of lesion in medial inferior pontine sydnrome (occlusion of paramedian branch of basilar)

A

Paralysis of conjugate gaze to side of lesions (from PPRF damage)
Nystagmus (from vestibular nucleus)
Ataxia of limbs and gait (from middle cerebellar peduncle)
Diplopia on lateral gase (abducens)

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14
Q

What happens on OPPOSITE SIDE of lesion in medial inferior pontine sydnrome (occlusion of paramedian branch of basilar)

A

Paralysis of face, arm, and leg (from corticobulbar and spinal tract damage in lower pons)
Impaired tactile and proprioception sense over 1/2 body(from medial lemniscus damage)

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15
Q

Internuclear opthalmoplegia is what?

A

ADDuction deficit in ipsilateral (same eye) with a pendular nystagmus in abducting contralateral eye
Cause= lesion in medial longitudinal fasciulus.

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16
Q

Pinpoint pupils seen if damage in ___

A 
pontine dx (is
alsue with pupillodialor path)
17
Q

Fixed and dilated pupil is seen in

A

CN III palsy from compression of nerve by vascular or other mass

  • also caused by brainstem herniation
  • from uveitis
18
Q

SE of cyclosporine (neuro standpoint)

A

syndrome similar to hypertensive encephalopathy = reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy;
may have HA, vision issues related to occipital lobe dysnfx, confusion and seizures. Often see hyptertension and cortical blindness.

19
Q

What 2 meds do you use for FOCAL seizures ONLY?

A

Carbamezepine or oxcarbezpepine

20
Q

What is the indication for carbemazepine?

What are the side effects?

A

Focal seizure only

SE are Aplastic Anemia, Dilutional hyponatremia, Diplopia, Ataxia and Steven Johnson Syndrome

21
Q

What meds are first line for GCTS?

A

Phenytoin (Dilantin) or Phenobarbital

22
Q

What are the side effects of Phenytoin (Dilantin)?

A

Gingival hyperplasia and hirsuitism

23
Q

What are the SE of Phenobarbital?

A

Cognitive slowing and drowsiness

24
Q

When do you use Phenytoin or phenobarbital?

A

GTCS

25
Q

What are the indications and SE of valproic acid?

A

Broad spectrum seizure med; SE are hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, GI, tremor and wt gain

26
Q

Tx for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide–ONLY for absence seizures;

Cause GI upset, vomiting and diarrhea

27
Q

What tx can you use for Absence, Lennox Gastaut, atonic or myoclonic seizures?

A

Clonazepam or klonopin

28
Q

SE of Clonazepam

A

drowsy, hypoT, behavioral changes

29
Q

What are the SE of Keppra or Levetiracetam

A

Behavior issues, insomnia, anxiety, psychosis

30
Q

Side effect of Lamotrigine?

A

Steven Johnson; especially in children, if on depakote or rapid change in dose

Neuro review (1 decks)

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