Raynauds

Question 1

define raynauds phenomenon

Answer 1

characterised by exagerated vascocontrictive response of the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles to the cold or emotional stress

Question 2

describe primary and secondary raynauds

Answer 2

primary- raynauds disease

secondary- raynauds phenomen.

Question 3

how does raynauds disease present

Answer 3

young women eg 30yo

with bilateral symptoms

Question 4

secondary causes of raynauds pehnomenon 9

Answer 4

CT disorders
-scleroderma (most common)
-RA
-SLE

leukaemia

type 1 cryoglobulinaemi, cold aggulitis

use of vibrating tools

drugs: OCP, ergot

cervical rib

Question 5

factors of raynauds suggestie of underlying CT disease 7

Answer 5

onset after 40yo

unilateral syx

rashes

presence of autoantibodies

features which may suggest RA or SLE
for example arthritis or recurrent miscarriages

digital ulcers, calcinosis

very rarely: childblains

Question 6

managemetn of raynauds 3

Answer 6

all patients w suspecte raynauds phenomenon should be referred to secondary care

first line: calcium channel blockers
-eg nifedipine

IV prostacyclin (epoprostenol) infusions
-effects may last several weeks/months