Reactions + patterns Of Reactivity

Question 1

Give 3 properties of oxygen

Answer 1

Colourless, odourless, gas

Question 2

List 3 uses for oxygen

Answer 2

Welding torches
Rocket fuel
Breathing apparatus in hospitals

Question 3

Give the word equation for respiration

Answer 3

Sugar+ oxygen- Corbin dioxide+ water (+energy)

Question 4

What is a catalyst

Answer 4

A chemical that speeds up a chemical reaction without being used up itself

Question 5

Give examples of industrial catalysts

Answer 5

Platinum
Iron

Question 6

Air is a mix of what gases

Answer 6

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour and noble gases
and argon

Question 7

What are the percentage of each gas in the air

Answer 7

78% nitrogen
21% oxygen
0.9% argon
0.037% carbon dioxide

Question 8

what is the use of nitrogen

Answer 8

make fertilisers, nitric acid, nylon, dyes and explosives.

Question 9

What is the use of argon

Answer 9

Argon is used in fluorescent tubes and low-energy light bulbs

Question 10

What is the use of carbon dioxide

Answer 10

is used as a refrigerant, in fire extinguishers, for inflating life rafts and life jackets, blasting coal, promoting the growth of plants in greenhouses,

Question 11

What are the physical properties in nitrogen

Answer 11

colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas

Question 12

What are the physical properties in argon

Answer 12

colorless, odorless, nonflammable and nontoxic as a solid, liquid or gas

Question 13

What are the physical properties carbon dioxide

Answer 13

Carbon dioxide appears as a colorless odorless gas at atmospheric temperatures and pressures. Relatively nontoxic and noncombustible.

Question 14

What does a catalyst do

Answer 14

speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being consumed during the reaction.

Question 15

What is an enzyme

Answer 15

A biological catalyst

Question 16

What sis an exothermic reaction and give examples

Answer 16

The chemical reaction in which the heat is released

The burning of a candle

Question 17

What’s an endothermic reaction and give examples

Answer 17

any chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its environment.

Melting ice or photosynthesis

Question 18

Everyday uses of carbon dioxide

Answer 18

food and beverage production, fire suppression and stimulating plant growth in greenhouses

Question 19

what is oxidation

Answer 19

An addition of oxygen, reduction the removal of oxygen and in a REDOX reaction both processes occur in the same reaction

Question 20

What’s the general equation for a metal reacting with n acid

Answer 20

Metal+acid—>salt+hydrogen (mash)

Question 21

Why is aluminium appears to be unreactive with oxygen, water and acid

Answer 21

due to the layer of aluminium oxide on the surface

Question 22

Describe a test for oxygen

Answer 22

Oxygen supports combustion. If oxygen is present in a test tube, a glowing splint relights when it is held inside.

Question 23

Test for Hydrogen:

Answer 23

Place a lighted splint in a test tube containing the gas. If the gas is hydrogen, there will be a squeaky pop.

Question 24

explain safety precautions for preparing/using hydrogen.

Answer 24

Wear eye protection

Question 25

Describe how potassium and sodium, calcium, magnesium
and copper react in water.

Answer 25

they form a metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas

Question 26

Explain why potassium and sodium metals are stored in oil

Answer 26

in order to prevent their contact with air and moisture.

Question 27

safety precautions for using potassium and sodium metals

Answer 27

use of a plastic safety screen.
using small pieces of the metal.
using a large volume of water.
using tweezers to hold the metal.
wearing thick rubber gloves.

Question 28

Describe the reaction of metals copper iron and magnesium
when burning in oxygen

Answer 28

magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide
iron + oxygen → iron oxide
copper + oxygen → copper oxide.

Question 29

the chemical name for rust

Answer 29

Hydrated Iron (IIl)
Iron oxide

Question 30

why rusting is undesirable

Answer 30

Rusting causes iron to become flaky and weak, degrading its strength, appearance and permeability.

Question 31

State the conditions required for rusting to take place and
describe an experiment to illustrate this.

Answer 31

iron reacts with water and oxygen

Question 32

the methods for protecting iron from rusting

Answer 32

Galvanising
Painting
Oiling
Sacrificial protection

Question 33

describe trends in the outer electron structure
of atoms and the group to which they belong

Answer 33

No. of
outermost electrons is the same as the group number)